The Perfect Subjunctive
The perfect subjunctive (დაეწეროს, მოსულიყოს) is a rare literary form, used mostly in wishes, such as a hope that something has already happened.
How It Works
The perfect subjunctive is built on the pluperfect:
| Verb | Pluperfect | Perfect subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| write (I) | დამეწერა | დამეწეროს |
| write (he or she) | დაეწერა | დაეწეროს |
| come (he or she) | მოსულიყო | მოსულიყოს |
| arrive (he or she) | მისულიყო | მისულიყოს |
It is one of the rarest forms in modern Georgian. Its main job is a wish. One case you will meet is a hope that something has already happened when you cannot know yet: ღმერთმა ქნას, დროზე მისულიყოს (God grant that he got there on time).
Compare it with the pluperfect after ნეტავ. The pluperfect wishes about something that did not happen and cannot change. The perfect subjunctive hopes that something did happen.
It belongs to the perfect group, so a doing verb keeps its doer in the dative and its object in the nominative: ნინოს წერილი მიეღოს.
Everyday speech says this more simply: იმედი მაქვს, დროზე მივიდა (I hope he got there on time).
Examples (3)
- ღმერთმა ქნას, დროზე მისულიყოს!
God grant that he got there on time!
მისულიყოს hopes that the arrival has happened.
- ნეტავ ნინოს ჩემი წერილი უკვე მიეღოს!
I do hope Nino has already received my letter!
The doer of a doing verb, ნინოს, is in the dative.
- ღმერთმა ქნას, ყველაფერი კარგად დასრულებულიყოს!
God grant that everything has ended well!
A becoming verb adds -ს to the pluperfect: დასრულებულიყოს.
How It Connects
Learn This First
The perfect subjunctive is built on the pluperfect.
Related Patterns
Practice The Perfect Subjunctive in Bubblegum
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