მოსულა

Has Apparently Come

Level 5Sounds Like mosula

Becoming verbs build their perfect from the participle: ნინო მოსულა (Nino has apparently come).

How It Works

Doing verbs make their perfect with a dative doer. Becoming verbs, such as coming, going and being born, work differently. They take the past participle (მოსული, come; წასული, gone) and add endings like those of to be:

SubjectHas comeHas gone
Iმოვსულვარწავსულვარ
youმოსულხარწასულხარ
he, sheმოსულაწასულა
theyმოსულანწასულან

The I-form also takes ვ- after the preverb: წავსულვარ.

The subject stays in the nominative: ნინო მოსულა.

The meaning matches the other perfects. You see the coat in the hall and say ნინო მოსულა! Or you look out in the morning: ღამით თოვლი მოსულა (it snowed in the night).

Other becoming verbs follow the same plan: დაიბადა (was born) becomes დაბადებულა.

Examples (5)

  1. ნინო მოსულა!

    Nino has come!

    You see her coat, so you know.

  2. ავტობუსი უკვე წასულა.

    The bus has already left.

    You reach the stop and it is empty.

  3. ისინი გუშინ ჩამოსულან.

    They apparently arrived yesterday.

    -ან for they.

  4. ღამით თოვლი მოსულა.

    It snowed in the night.

    You see the snow in the morning.

  5. თურმე ბებიაჩემი სოფელში დაბადებულა.

    It turns out my grandmother was born in a village.

    News to you, with თურმე (it turns out).

Common Mistakes

  • A dative subject with a becoming verb.

    ნინოს მოსულა.
    ნინო მოსულა.

    A becoming verb keeps its subject in the nominative, also in the perfect.

How It Connects

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მოსულაLevel 5Has Apparently Come

Learn This First

მოსულა is the perfect of a becoming verb.

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Patterns that build on this one.

Words in This Pattern

მოდის