Ukuhlanganiswa Kwezenzo Okuyisisekelo
Izenzo zesi-Korean zishintsha iziphetho zazo ukuze zingene emishwaneni. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi ukuhlanganiswa.
Isebenza kanjani
Esi-Korean, cishe wonke umusho uphela ngenzo noma isichazamazwi esihlanganisiwe. Ifomu lesichazamazwi, elihlala liphela ngo--다 (isibonelo, 가다, 보다, 하다), liyisiqalo nje.
Ukuze usisebenzise, kufanele usiguqule. Inqubo ihlala ifana:
1. Qala ngefomu lesichazamazwi (isibonelo, 먹다 - ukudla).
2. Susa u--다 ukuze uthole isiqu senzo (먹-).
3. Namathisela isiphetho sohlobo lolimi esiqu.
Isiphetho osikhethayo sincike kulokho ofuna ukukusho. Isibonelo, isiqu esisodwa 먹- singaba amagama amaningi ahlukene:
- 먹 + 어요 → 먹어요 (ngiyadla / inhlonipho engakahleleki)
- 먹 + 습니다 → 먹습니다 (ngiyadla / inhlonipho ehlelekile)
- 먹 + 었어요 → 먹었어요 (ngidle / isikhathi esedlule)
- 먹 + 을 거예요 → 먹을 거예요 (ngizodla / isikhathi esizayo)
Leli khasi lichaza umqondo wokuhlanganisa. Ukuze ufunde imithetho ethile yokukhetha nokusebenzisa lezi ziphetho, udinga ukufunda iphethini ngayinye ngokuhlukile.
Qaphela: Ezinye izenzo azijwayelekile futhi iziqu zazo ziyashintsha phakathi nokuhlanganiswa. Ungafunda ngalezi esigabeni irregular verb patterns.
Izibonelo (3)
- 가다 (dictionary form) → 가요 (conjugated form)
Isenzo esithi 'ukuya' (가다) sihlanganiswe saba 'uyaya' (가요) ukuze sisetshenziswe emshwaneni wenhlonipho ongakahleleki.
Igama ngegama: ukuya → uyaya
- 먹다 (dictionary form) → 먹습니다 (conjugated form)
Isenzo esithi 'ukudla' (먹다) sihlanganiswe saba 'uyadla' (먹습니다) ukuze sisetshenziswe emshwaneni wenhlonipho osemthethweni.
Igama ngegama: ukudla → uyadla (okusemthethweni)
- 공부하다 (dictionary form) → 공부했어요 (conjugated form)
Isenzo esithi 'ukufunda' (공부하다) sihlanganiswe saba 'ufundile' (공부했어요) ukuze kuvezwe isikhathi esedlule.
Igama ngegama: ukufunda → ufundile
Amaphutha avamile
Ukusebenzisa ifomu lesichazamazwi (-다) emshwaneni.
저는 밥을 먹다.저는 밥을 먹어요.Awukwazi ukusebenzisa ifomu lesichazamazwi senzo (eliphela ngo--다) ngokuqondile emshwaneni. Kufanele njalo usihlanganise ngokukhipha u--다 bese wengeza isiphetho esifanele njengo--아요/어요 noma -습니다.
Ihlangana kanjani
Funda lokhu kuqala
Izakhiwo ezihlobene
- Ukuhlanganisa Iziphawulo
Izichazamazwi zesi-Korean (izenzo ezichazayo) zihlanganiswa kusetshenziswa imigomo efanayo ncamashi neyezenzo ezenzayo. Ukuqonda ukuhlanganiswa kwezenzo kuyisihluthulelo sokuqonda ukuhlanganiswa kwezichazamazwi.
Izisekelo - Imiqondo Yesikhathi
Iziphetho zezenzo ziyindlela eyinhloko yokuveza isikhathi (esedlule, samanje, esizayo) ngesi-Korean. Le phethini iyindlela yokusebenzisa imiqondo yesikhathi ezenzweni.
Izisekelo - -았/었/였-Isikhathi Esedlule
Lesi yisimpawu esiyinhloko sesikhathi esedlule. Sinamathiselwe esiqu senzo ukuze kukhombise ukuthi isenzo sesenzekile, okuyisici esibalulekile sokuhlanganisa.
Izinga 1 - -(으)ㄹ 거(예요/야)Will, mhlawumbe
Lesi yisiphetho esivamile sesikhathi esizayo. Sinamathiselwe esiqu senzo ukuze kukhombise inhloso noma isibikezelo, esinye isici esibalulekile sokuhlanganisa.
Izinga 3 - -아/어Isiphetho Esingahlelekile
Lesi yisiphetho senhlonipho esingakahleleki esivame kakhulu ozosengeza esiqu senzo. Ingenye yemithetho yokuqala ethile yokuhlanganisa ozoyifunda.
Izinga 1
Funda lokhu ngokulandelayo
Izakhiwo ezakhelwe phezu kwalesi.
- -ㄴ다/는다Isiphetho Esilula Sokubeka IsitatimendeIzinga 1
- -ㅂ/습니다Isiphetho Esisemthethweni EsinesizothaIzinga 1
- -고Futhi, Futhi-keIzinga 1
- -는/ㄹIsiguquli Sesenzo EsiyisibizoIzinga 1
- -(으)세요SicelaIzinga 1
- -아/어 보세요Sicela UzameIzinga 1
- -아/어라Umyalo OngakahlelekileIzinga 1
- -지Isiphetho SomushoIzinga 1
Kanye nezinye ezingu-80 ohlwini oluphelele.