-एको हुनाले
Because, In Formal Writing
-एको हुनाले means because: बिरामी भएको हुनाले is because he was ill.
How It Works
-एको हुनाले joins a reason to a result. It is built from the -एको participle and हुनाले, which means because of being.
| Verb | Form |
|---|---|
| बिरामी हुनु | बिरामी भएको हुनाले |
| बिदा पर्नु | बिदा परेको हुनाले |
| बन्द हुनु | बन्द भएको हुनाले |
The reason is a full clause with its own subject. The main clause follows, and its subject may differ: बाटो बन्द भएको हुनाले बस आउन सकेन.
For a respected person use the honorific participle: उहाँ व्यस्त हुनुभएको हुनाले. The negative takes न-: वर्षा नभएको हुनाले.
In speech, say किनभने after the result or -एकाले in the news. -एको हुनाले sounds slightly more careful than either, and it is common in letters and notices.
Examples (5)
- विद्यार्थी बिरामी भएको हुनाले कक्षामा आएनन्।
Because the student was ill, they did not come to class.
भएको हुनाले gives the reason.
- बाटो बन्द भएको हुनाले बस आउन सकेन।
Because the road was closed, the bus could not come.
The main clause has a different subject.
- आज बिदा परेको हुनाले कार्यालय बन्द छ।
Because today is a holiday, the office is closed.
परेको comes from बिदा पर्नु.
- उहाँ व्यस्त हुनुभएको हुनाले बैठकमा आउन सक्नुभएन।
Because he is busy, he could not come to the meeting.
हुनुभएको is the honorific participle.
- वर्षा नभएको हुनाले किसान चिन्तित छन्।
Because there has been no rain, the farmers are worried.
The न- prefix makes the reason negative.
How It Connects
Learn This First
-एको हुनाले gives a reason in formal writing.
Related Patterns
Practice -एको हुनाले in Bubblegum
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