चूँकि ... इसलिए

Since ... Therefore

Level 5Sounds Like cūm̐ki ... isali'ē

चूँकि ..., इसलिए ... means since ..., (so) ...: reason first, result second.

How It Works

Hindi has two common words for because, and they sit in different places:

  • क्योंकि follows the result: हम रुक गए क्योंकि देर हो गई थी।
  • चूँकि comes before the result: चूँकि देर हो गई थी, इसलिए हम रुक गए।

Use चूँकि when you want to set out the reason first, often a fact everyone accepts, and then draw a conclusion from it. It is common in careful speech, explanations, news and official writing.

The result clause usually starts with इसलिए (so, that's why). A comma after the चूँकि clause is enough to make the link, so इसलिए can be dropped. In formal writing, अतः often replaces इसलिए: चूँकि सड़क बंद है, अतः ...

Both clauses are ordinary sentences with their own tense. The चूँकि clause can be past, present or future.

In casual speech some people start a sentence with क्योंकि and continue with इसलिए. Careful Hindi uses चूँकि for a reason that comes first.

Examples (4)

  1. चूँकि देर हो गई थी, इसलिए हम वहीं रुक गए।

    Since it was already late, we stayed where we were.

    The reason comes first; इसलिए introduces what followed from it.

  2. चूँकि कल छुट्टी है, इसलिए दुकानें बंद रहेंगी।

    Since tomorrow is a holiday, the shops will stay closed.

    The reason is a known fact about the future.

  3. चूँकि आप पहली बार आए हैं, इसलिए मैं आपको सब कुछ दिखा देता हूँ।

    Since this is your first visit, let me show you around.

    आए हैं is the respectful plural form for आप.

  4. चूँकि बारिश हो रही थी, मैच देर से शुरू हुआ।

    Since it was raining, the match started late.

    इसलिए is left out; the comma still links reason and result.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

चूँकि ... इसलिएLevel 5Since ... Therefore

Learn This First

Since ... therefore is a careful reason-and-result pattern.

Words in This Pattern

चूँकिइसलिए