-(으)ㄹ까
Shall We, I Wonder
-ㄹ까 isetshenziselwa ukubuza 'Shall we...?' (Sizokwenzani?) noma ukusho 'I wonder if...' (Ngiyazibuza ukuthi...).
Isebenza kanjani
-ㄹ까 yisiphetho sesigwebo esiguquguqukayo esinezincazelo ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukuphakamisa umbono noma ukuzwakala kokucabanga/ukuzibuza. Sinamathela ngqo ezimpandeni zezenzo (verb stems).
Ukuhlanganiswa:
- Uma impande yesenzo iphela ngomsindo onkamisa noma unkamisa ㄹ, engeza -ㄹ까.
- 가다 (ukuya) → 갈까?
- 만들다 (ukwenza) → 만들까? (U-ㄹ akalahlwa) - Uma impande yesenzo iphela ngomsindo ongankamisa (ngaphandle kuka-ㄹ), engeza -을까.
- 먹다 (ukudla) → 먹을까?
- 찾다 (ukuthola) → 찾을까?
Ukusetshenziswa 1: Isiphakamiso ('Shall we...?' / 'Sizokwenzani?')
Lena indlela ethambile nevamile yokuphakamisa ukwenza umsebenzi ndawonye. Kungumbuzo, omema isivumelwano salowo okukhulunywa naye. Ifomu elihloniphekile lithi -ㄹ까요?.
- Isibonelo: 우리 커피 마실까? (Sizokwenza ikhofi?)
- Lokhu kuthambile kunesiphakamiso esiqondile esifana no--ㅂ시다 (Masenze...) noma -자 (Masenze... - okungakahleleki).
Ukusetshenziswa 2: Ukuzibuza ('I wonder if...' / 'Ngiyazibuza ukuthi...')
Lokhu kusetshenziselwa lapho okhulumayo ecabanga ngokuzwakalayo, ezindla ngombuzo, noma ecabanga ngesimo esithile. Kungaba umbuzo oya kuwena noma indlela yokubuza umbono womunye umuntu ngendaba engaqinisekile.
- Isibonelo: 시험이 어려울까? (Ngiyazibuza ukuthi isivivinyo sizoba nzima yini?)
- Kungasetshenziswa namagama emibuzo (뭐, 언제, 어디, 누가, njll.) ukuze uzibuze ngezinto ezithile.
- Isibonelo: 이 시간에 버스가 아직 있을까? (Ngiyazibuza ukuthi ibhasi lisahamba yini ngalesi sikhathi?)
Isikhathi:
Ukuze uzibuze ngesenzo esedlule, ungangeza uphawu lwesikhathi esedlule -았/었- ngaphambi kuka--을까.
- Isibonelo: 그 사람이 시험에 합격했을까? (Ngiyazibuza ukuthi lowo muntu uphumelele yini esivivinyweni?)
Lesi sakhiwo sisetshenziswa nangezenzo eziningi ezingajwayelekile (irregular verbs), njengo-듣다 (들을까) no-덥다 (더울까).
Izibonelo (5)
- 저녁으로 뭐 먹을까요?
What shall we eat for dinner?
Igama ngegama: For dinner what shall eat?
Lena indlela evamile yokuphakamisa umbono ngokubuza umbuzo. Isiphetho esihloniphekile -요 sengezwe ku--ㄹ까.
- 주말에 같이 영화 볼까?
Shall we watch a movie together this weekend?
Igama ngegama: On the weekend together movie shall watch?
Isiphakamiso esingakahleleki esenziwa phakathi kwabangane.
- 내일 날씨가 좋을까?
I wonder if the weather will be good tomorrow.
Igama ngegama: Tomorrow weather will be good?
Lapha, -ㄹ까 isetshenziselwa ukuzwakala kokuzibuza noma ukucabanga ngekusasa.
- 그 사람이 왜 화가 났을까?
I wonder why that person got angry.
Igama ngegama: That person why angry became?
Lokhu kukhombisa -ㄹ까 esetshenziswe negama lombuzo (왜) kanye nophawu lwesikhathi esedlule (-았/었-) ukuze uzibuze ngesenzo esedlule.
- 이 길이 맞을까?
I wonder if this is the right way.
Igama ngegama: This road is right?
Umbuzo oya kuwena, ozwakalisa ukungaqiniseki.
Amaphutha avamile
Ukudida -ㄹ까 (Ngiyazibuza/sizokwenzani) no--ㄹ게 (Ngizokwenza).
Incazelo ehlukile제가 창문을 닫을까.제가 창문을 닫을게요.-ㄹ까 ngumbuzo noma ukuzindla. '제가 창문을 닫을까?' kusho 'Ngiyazibuza ukuthi kufanele ngivalile yini ifasitela?' noma 'Ngiwavalile yini ifasitela?'. Ukuze usho inhloso yakho yokwenzela othile okuthile, kufanele usebenzise -ㄹ게(요), okusho 'Ngizolivala ifasitela.'
Ukuyisebenzisa nezenzo ezichazayo (adjectives) ukuze wenze isiphakamiso.
Incazelo ehlukile우리 행복할까?우리 영화 볼까?Lapho wenza iziphakamiso, -ㄹ까 isetshenziswa nezenzo ezenzayo (isb., 보다, 먹다, 가다). Ukuyisebenzisa nesenzo esichazayo (adjective) njengo-행복하다 kushintsha incazelo ibe 'Ngiyazibuza ukuthi...'. Ngakho-ke, '우리 행복할까?' kusho 'Ngiyazibuza ukuthi sizojabula yini?', okuwumbuzo wefilosofi, hhayi isiphakamiso esisebenzayo esifana nokuthi 'Sizobuka ifilimu?'
Ihlangana kanjani
Funda lokhu kuqala
Izakhiwo ezihlobene
- -(으)ㅂ시다Masiphakamise
Zombili zisetshenziselwa iziphakamiso. Nokho, -ㄹ까(요)? ngumbuzo omema isivumelwano, okwenza kube isiphakamiso esithambile. -ㅂ시다 isiphakamiso esiqondile, esifana nesitatimende ('Masenze...').
Izinga 3 - -자As soon as, let's
-자 yindlela engakahleleki, evamile ye--ㅂ시다. Njengo-ㅂ시다, kuyisiphakamiso esiqondile ('Masenze...'), kanti '-ㄹ까?' ngumbuzo ('Sizokwenzani?') futhi ngokuvamile kuthathwa njengendlela ethambile yokuphakamisa okuthile ngisho naphakathi kwabangane.
Izinga 3 - -(으)ㄹ래Going to, will
Lapho isetshenziswa njengombuzo, -ㄹ래요? nayo ingaba isiphakamiso, efana no--ㄹ까요?. Nokho, -ㄹ래요? igxila kakhulu ekuthandeni noma enhlosweni yalowo okukhulunywa naye ('Uyafuna yini ukwenza...?'). -ㄹ까요? imayelana nokuphakamisa isenzo esihlanganyelwe ('Sizokwenzani?').
Izinga 3 - -ㄴ가/나Ngiyazibuza, Ingabe kunjalo?
Zombili zingasho 'Ngiyazibuza'. -ㄴ가/나 보다 isetshenziselwa ukucabanga ngokusekelwe ekuboneni okuthile ('Kubukeka sengathi...'). Lapho isetshenziswa yodwa, '-ㄴ가(요)?' ifana kakhulu nencazelo 'yokuzibuza' ye--ㄹ까(요)?, ezwakalisa umbuzo wangaphakathi noma ilukuluku lomuntu okhulumayo.
Izinga 3
Funda lokhu ngokulandelayo
Izakhiwo ezakhelwe phezu kwalesi.