-자

As soon as, let's

Izinga 3Kuzwakala kanje ja

-자 inezincazelo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Ingaxhumanisa imisho emibili, okusho ukuthi 'as soon as' isenzo sokuqala senzeka, esesibili siyenzeka. Ingaphinde ibe isiphetho somusho esisho 'let's', esisetshenziswa ngokungakahleleki nabangani.

Isebenza kanjani

-자 yisiphetho esiguquguqukayo okufanele abafundi basiqonde ezimweni ezimbili ezihlukene. Incazelo inqunywa yindawo yayo emushweni.

1. Incazelo 1: 'As soon as' (Isixhumi)
Uma isetshenziselwa ukuxhumanisa imisho emibili, -자 ikhombisa ubudlelwano besikhathi obuseduze kakhulu. Isenzo sokuqala sibangela esesibili ngokushesha.

Isakhiwo: Impande Yesenzo + -자 + Umusho Wesibili
Isikhathi: Isikhathi somusho wonke sikhonjiswa yisenzo sokugcina emushweni wesibili. Isenzo esinamathele ku--자 asitholi uphawu lwesikhathi olufana no--았/었-.
Isibonelo: 집에 도착하자 비가 오기 시작했다. (As soon as I arrived home, it started to rain.)
Umqondo: Lolu hlobo luvame ukutholakala ezincwadini, ezindabeni, noma ezimemezelweni ezisemthethweni. Engxoxweni yansuku zonke, -자마자 kuvame kakhulu ukuveza incazelo efanayo ngokugcizelela kancane ngokushesha.

2. Incazelo 2: 'Let's' (Isiphetho Somusho)
Uma isetshenziswa ekupheleni komusho, -자 iwuhlobo lokuphakamisa, okwenza isiphakamiso.

Isakhiwo: Impande Yesenzo + -자.
Izinga Lokuhlonipha: Lolu wuhlobo olungakahleleki, olungahloniphi (반말). Kufanele lusetshenziswe kuphela nabangani abaseduze, abantu abaneminyaka efanayo, noma labo abancane kunawe. Ukuyisebenzisa nabadala noma abaphathi kubhekwa njengokungahloniphi.
Ukuqhathanisa: Kuyindlela elula ehambisana nohlobo olusemthethweni oluthi -ㅂ시다 (Let's...).
Isibonelo: 우리 영화 보러 가자. (Let's go see a movie.)

Izibonelo (4)

수업이 끝나자 학생들이 교실 밖으로 나갔다.
As soon as the class ended, the students went out of the classroom.
Igama ngegama: Class ends as soon as students classroom outside went out.
Lokhu kukhombisa incazelo ethi 'as soon as'. Isenzo 'sokuphela' silandelwa ngokushesha yisenzo 'sokuphuma'. Lo musho usebenzisa isiphetho esilula esithi -다, esivame kakhulu ezitayeleni zokubhala noma zokuxoxa lapho -자 ivame ukusetshenziswa khona.
범인은 경찰을 보자 도망쳤다.
As soon as the criminal saw the police, they ran away.
Igama ngegama: The criminal police sees as soon as ran away.
Esinye isibonelo sencazelo ethi 'as soon as', lapho ukubona amaphoyisa kubangela ngokushesha isenzo sokubaleka.
오늘 저녁에 피자 먹자!
Let's eat pizza tonight!
Igama ngegama: Today evening pizza let's eat!
Lena incazelo yokuphakamisa ethi 'let's'. Isiphakamiso esingakahleleki esenziwe kumngani.
피곤한데 우리 좀 쉬자.
I'm tired, let's rest for a bit.
Igama ngegama: Tired but we a little let's rest.
Lapha, -자 isetshenziselwa ukwenza isiphakamiso esimweni esingakahleleki.

Amaphutha avamile

Ukusebenzisa uhlobo oluthi 'let's' (-자) nabadala noma ezimweni ezisemthethweni.
Incazelo ehlukile사장님, 회의 시작하자.
사장님, 회의 시작하시죠. / 회의 시작합시다.
-자 yisiphetho esingakahleleki. Nomphathi njengomphathi (사장님), kufanele usebenzise uhlobo oluhloniphekile njengo--시죠 noma uhlobo olusemthethweni lokuphakamisa oluthi -ㅂ시다.
Ukungeza ngokungalungile uphawu lwesikhathi esedlule esenzweni ngaphambi kwe--자.
집에 도착했자 비가 왔어요.
집에 도착하자 비가 왔어요.
Uma isetshenziselwa ukusho 'as soon as', umusho we--자 ngokwawo awuthathi izimpawu zesikhathi. Isikhathi somusho wonke sivezwa esenzweni sokugcina (왔어요).