-ganligi

The Fact That: -ganligi

Level 5

-ganligi means the fact that someone did something. It is common in news and official writing: Vazir loyiha tugaganligini aytdi (The minister said the project had been completed).

How It Works

1. Building it
verb + -gan + -lik + possessive:

  • kelganligim (that I came)
  • kelganliging (that you came)
  • kelganligi (that he or she came)
  • kelganligimiz (that we came)
  • kelganligingiz (that you came, polite)
  • kelganliklari (that they came)

The k in -lik becomes g before a vowel, as in yurak → yuragim. So you write -ligi, never -liki.

2. Same meaning as -gani
U kelganligini bilaman and U kelganini bilaman both mean I know that he came. Everyday speech prefers -ganini. Reports, news and letters often use -ganligini.

3. Uses

  • object: Talaba nima uchun kelmaganligini tushuntirdi (The student explained why he hadn't come)
  • subject: Uning kelmaganligi hammani xafa qildi (The fact that he didn't come upset everyone)
  • reason: -ganligi sababli or -ganligi uchun (because): Yomgʻir yogʻganligi sababli, oʻyin keyinga qoldirildi
  • about: -ganligi haqida: Poyezd kechikayotganligi haqida eʼlon qilindi

4. Other tenses
The same -lik ending follows other participles: -(a)yotganligi (that it is happening), -(a)diganligi (that it will happen). With nouns and bor/yoʻq you get borligi, yoʻqligi and ekanligi.

Examples (6)

  1. Vazir loyiha tugaganligini aytdi.

    The minister said the project had been completed.

    Word by Word: Minister project finished-fact-its-ACC said.

  2. Uning kelmaganligi hammani xafa qildi.

    The fact that he didn't come upset everyone.

    Word by Word: His not-come-fact-its everyone-ACC upset made.

  3. Yomgʻir yogʻganligi sababli, oʻyin keyinga qoldirildi.

    Because it had rained, the match was postponed.

    Word by Word: Rain fallen-fact-its because, game later-to was-left.

  4. Poyezd kechikayotganligi haqida eʼlon qilindi.

    It was announced that the train was running late.

    Word by Word: Train being-late-fact-its about announcement was-made.

    The -(a)yotgan participle also takes -lik.

  5. Talaba darsga nima uchun kelmaganligini tushuntirdi.

    The student explained why he hadn't come to class.

    Word by Word: Student lesson-to why not-come-fact-his-ACC explained.

  6. Xatingizni olganligimni maʼlum qilaman.

    I am writing to let you know that I have received your letter.

    Word by Word: Letter-your-ACC received-fact-my-ACC known I-make.

Common Mistakes

  • Leaving out the possessive ending.

    Vazir loyiha tugaganlikni aytdi.
    Vazir loyiha tugaganligini aytdi.

    The clause has its own subject, loyiha, so -ganlik needs a possessive ending that points back to it: tugaganligini (that it had finished).

  • Keeping k in -lik before the possessive vowel.

    Uning kelmaganliki hammani xafa qildi.
    Uning kelmaganligi hammani xafa qildi.

    The k of -lik becomes g before a vowel ending, so the form is -ligi.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

-ganligiLevel 5The Fact That: -ganligi

Learn This First

Builds on That Something Happened: -ganini and Abstract Nouns With -lik.