-yap

Present Continuous -yap

Level 1

ishla- + -yap + -man → ishlayapman: I am working right now.

How It Works

Building it
• vowel stem: ishla- + -yap + -man → ishlayapman, oʻqi- + -yap + -san → oʻqiyapsan
• consonant stem: kel- + -yap + -ti → kelyapti, qil- + -yap + -siz → qilyapsiz

The person endings
men -yapman · sen -yapsan · u -yapti · biz -yapmiz · siz -yapsiz · ular -yapti or -yaptilar

No extra a
In speech you may hear an extra vowel after a consonant, as in kelayapti. The written standard has none: kelyapti, boryapti.

Negative and question
-ma- goes before -yap: ishlamayapman (I am not working). -mi goes at the end: Kelyapsizmi? (Are you coming?)

Right now or usually
Hozir ishlayapman means I am working now. Men bankda ishlayman means I work at a bank, as a regular thing. See right now vs usually for more on this choice.

Other ways to say it
News and formal writing also use -moqda, and casual speech often uses -vot. -yap is the neutral, everyday form.

Examples (6)

  1. Men ishlayapman.

    I am working.

    Word by Word: I work-ing-I

    ishla- + -yap + -man.

  2. U kelyapti.

    He is coming.

    Word by Word: he come-ing

    kel- + -yap + -ti. The third person ends in -ti.

  3. Nima qilyapsiz?

    What are you doing?

    Word by Word: what do-ing-you

    qil- + -yap + -siz. nima needs no -mi.

  4. Bolalar hovlida oʻynayapti.

    The children are playing in the yard.

    Word by Word: children yard-in play-ing

    oʻyna- + -yap + -ti. A plural subject can take plain -yapti.

  5. Hozir yomgʻir yogʻyapti.

    It is raining now.

    Word by Word: now rain fall-ing

    yogʻ- (to fall, of rain or snow) + -yap + -ti.

  6. Men hozir ishlamayapman.

    I am not working right now.

    Word by Word: I now work-not-ing-I

    -ma- comes before -yap.

Common Mistakes

  • Adding an extra a before -yap after a consonant.

    U kelayapti.
    U kelyapti.

    Speech may add a vowel, but the standard spelling attaches -yap directly to the stem: kelyapti, boryapti.

  • Leaving the third person without -ti.

    U ishlayap.
    U ishlayapti.

    The third-person form always ends in -yapti. Only men, sen, biz and siz use their own endings.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

-yapLevel 1Present Continuous -yap

Learn This First

Builds on Negative Verbs With -ma-.

Learn Next

Patterns that build on this one.