garchi ... -sa ham
Although: Garchi
garchi means although. It opens the clause, and the clause ends with -sa ham: Garchi charchagan boʻlsa ham, ishlashda davom etdi (Although he was tired, he kept working).
How It Works
1. The frame
Garchi ... verb + -sa ham, main clause.
- a state or a general fact: Garchi narxi qimmat boʻlsa ham, bu telefonni oldim (Although it was expensive, I bought this phone)
- finished: -gan boʻlsa ham: Garchi charchagan boʻlsa ham, ishlashda davom etdi
- ongoing: -(a)yotgan boʻlsa ham: Garchi yomgʻir yogʻayotgan boʻlsa ham, bolalar hovlida oʻynashdi
The personal ending goes on the -sa form: Garchi charchagan boʻlsam ham, ... (Although I was tired, ...).
2. -sa ham or -sa-da
Both mean the same. -sa-da is more common in writing. The particle -da is always written with a hyphen: boʻlsa-da.
3. Where garchi goes
It usually starts the sentence, but it can also come after the subject: Mehmonlar, garchi charchagan boʻlsalar ham, uzoq suhbatlashishdi (Although the guests were tired, they talked for a long time).
4. Not "if"
agar also pairs with -sa, but it opens a condition. Garchi always means that the fact does not stop the main action.
For a short, spoken although, many people simply say -gani bilan or -sa ham without garchi. The literary word garchand means the same as garchi.
Examples (6)
- Garchi charchagan boʻlsa ham, ishlashda davom etdi.
Although he was tired, he kept working.
Word by Word: Although tired being-if even, working-in continuation made.
- Garchi kech boʻlsa-da, doʻkon hali ochiq edi.
Although it was late, the shop was still open.
Word by Word: Although late being-if even, shop still open was.
- Garchi yomgʻir yogʻayotgan boʻlsa ham, bolalar hovlida oʻynashdi.
Although it was raining, the children played in the yard.
Word by Word: Although rain falling being-if even, children yard-in played.
- Garchi u meni oʻqitmagan boʻlsa ham, uni ustozim deb bilaman.
Although he never taught me, I consider him my teacher.
Word by Word: Although he me not-taught being-if even, him teacher-my saying I-know.
- Garchi narxi qimmat boʻlsa ham, bu telefonni oldim.
Although it was expensive, I bought this phone.
Word by Word: Although price-its expensive being-if even, this phone-ACC I-took.
- Garchi hamma qarshi boʻlsa-da, u oʻz fikrida qoldi.
Although everyone was against it, she stuck to her opinion.
Word by Word: Although everyone against being-if even, she own opinion-her-in stayed.
Common Mistakes
Using garchi with an ordinary past verb instead of -sa ham.
Garchi charchadi, ishlashda davom etdi.Garchi charchagan boʻlsa ham, ishlashda davom etdi.Garchi needs a -sa ham (or -sa-da) clause. Use -gan boʻlsa ham for a finished fact.
Writing -sa-da as one word.
Garchi kech boʻlsada, doʻkon hali ochiq edi.Garchi kech boʻlsa-da, doʻkon hali ochiq edi.The particle -da is written with a hyphen: boʻlsa-da.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Builds on Although: -gani bilan.
Related Patterns
- -sa hamEven if
The verb ending that garchi always pairs with.
Level 4 - -ga qaramayDespite
Despite, after a noun or a -ganiga clause.
Level 4 - agarIf: Agar
Also pairs with -sa, but opens an if-clause.
Level 3 - -da (yuklama)Emphatic -da
The particle in -sa-da, written with a hyphen.
Level 4 - vaholanki / holbukiWhereas, Even Though
Literary words that add a contrasting fact after the main clause.
Level 6
Words in This Pattern
Practice garchi ... -sa ham in Bubblegum
Poppy, your AI tutor, writes Uzbek lessons at your level. Tap any grammar point in a lesson to see its full explanation.
