agar

If: Agar

Level 3

Agar + a clause ending in -sa = if: Agar vaqtingiz boʻlsa, keling (If you have time, come). Agar is optional, but -sa is required.

How It Works

In Uzbek, the verb comes at the end of the clause, so a listener would only hear -sa at the very end. Agar gives the signal up front.

1. Where it goes
Agar usually opens the clause: Agar yomgʻir yogʻsa, uyda qolamiz. It can also follow the subject or a time word: Siz agar kelsangiz, xursand boʻlaman (If you come, I’ll be glad).

2. The verb still needs -sa
Agar never replaces -sa. Every agar-clause ends in a verb with -sa:

  • With a verb: Agar kech qolsam (if I’m late)
  • With a noun or adjective, through boʻlsa: Agar vaqtingiz boʻlsa (if you have time)
  • Negative, with -masa: Agar u rozi boʻlmasa (if he doesn’t agree)
  • Already happened, with -gan boʻlsa: Agar xat kelgan boʻlsa (if a letter has come); see -gan boʻlsa.

3. When to use it
Agar is common in speech and writing. It is especially helpful when the condition is long, and it makes the uncertainty clear. For something that will surely happen, say when with -ganda rather than agar: Uyga borganimda, qoʻngʻiroq qilaman (When I get home, I’ll call).

4. Related words
-sa ham with agar means even if. mabodo means if by chance, and basharti is a formal should. aks holda / boʻlmasa means otherwise.

Examples (5)

  1. Agar yomgʻir yogʻsa, uyda qolamiz.

    If it rains, we’ll stay home.

    Word by Word: If rain if-it-falls, home-at we-will-stay.

  2. Agar vaqtingiz boʻlsa, bizga keling.

    If you have time, come over to our place.

    Word by Word: If time-your if-it-is, us-to come.

  3. Agar kech qolsam, meni kutmang.

    If I’m late, don’t wait for me.

    Word by Word: If late if-I-stay, me don’t-wait.

  4. Agar u rozi boʻlmasa, nima qilamiz?

    If he doesn’t agree, what will we do?

    Word by Word: If he agreeable if-not-is, what we-will-do?

  5. Agar xat kelgan boʻlsa, menga ayting.

    If a letter has come, tell me.

    Word by Word: If letter come if-it-is, me-to tell.

    kelgan boʻlsa refers to something that may already have happened.

Common Mistakes

  • Using agar with a finite verb and no -sa.

    Agar yomgʻir yogʻadi, uyda qolamiz.
    Agar yomgʻir yogʻsa, uyda qolamiz.

    Agar only announces the condition. The verb of the if-clause must still end in -sa.

  • Using agar with bor or a noun without boʻlsa.

    Agar vaqtingiz bor, keling.
    Agar vaqtingiz boʻlsa, keling.

    A noun sentence becomes a condition through boʻlsa (from boʻlmoq). Bor alone cannot carry the if.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

agarLevel 3If: Agar

Learn This First

Builds on If: -sa.

Learn Next

Patterns that build on this one.

Words in This Pattern

agar