-(으)니까

Ngakho, ngenxa yokuthi

Izinga 3Kuzwakala kanje nikka

-니까 yisiphetho sokuxhuma esisho 'ngoba' noma 'ngakho'. Sihlanganisa isizathu emushweni wokuqala nomphumela, umyalo, noma isiphakamiso emushweni wesibili.

Isebenza kanjani

-니까 iyindlela ebalulekile yohlelo lolimi yokuveza izizathu, ikakhulukazi lapho kuholela emiyalweni noma eziphakamisweni. Isebenziseka kakhulu kune--아/어서 kulezi zimo.

Imithetho yokuhlanganisa:
1. Isiqu sesenzo/isichasiso siphela ngonkamisa noma ㄹ: Engeza -니까.

가다 (to go) → 가니까 (because I go)
예쁘다 (to be pretty) → 예쁘니까 (because it's pretty)
만들다 (to make) → 만드니까 (because I make) (Qaphela: ㄹ iyasuswa)

2. Isiqu sesenzo/isichasiso siphela ngongwaqa (ngaphandle kuka ㄹ): Engeza -으니까.

먹다 (to eat) → 먹으니까 (because I eat)
좋다 (to be good) → 좋으니까 (because it's good)

3. Amabizo: Engeza -(이)니까.

학생 (student) → 학생이니까 (because I'm a student)
주말 (weekend) → 주말이니까 (because it's the weekend)

Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko:
1. Isizathu somyalo noma isiphakamiso
Lona umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu ka -니까 kanye nomehluko wawo oyinhloko ne--아/어서. Umusho wesibili uvame ukuba umyalo (-으세요), isiphakamiso (-ㄹ까요?), noma isicelo (-ㅂ시다).
• 날씨가 추우니까 옷을 따뜻하게 입으세요. (Ngenxa yokuthi isimo sezulu siyabanda, sicela ugqoke ngokufudumele.)
• 이 영화가 재미있으니까 같이 봐요. (Ngenxa yokuthi le filimu iyajabulisa, masibukele ndawonye.)

2. Isizathu esisekelwe ekutholakaleni komkhulumeli
-니까 ingasetshenziswa lapho umkhulumeli eqaphela okuthile bese esho umphumela. Ivame ukuhunyushwa ngokuthi 'Lapho ngenza u-X, ngathola ukuthi u-Y, ngakho...'.
• 집에 와 보니까 아무도 없었어요. (Lapho ngifika ekhaya, ngathola ukuthi akekho muntu lapho.)

3. Ukusetshenziswa nesikhathi (Tense)
Ngokungafani ne--아/어서, -니까 inganamathiselwa kusikhathi esedlule -았/었-.
• 어제 시험이 끝났으니까 오늘은 놀러 가자. (Ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlolwa kuphele izolo, masihambe siyozijabulisa namuhla.)

Izibonelo (5)

날씨가 더우니까 에어컨을 켤까요?
Since it's hot, shall we turn on the air conditioner?
Igama ngegama: Weather hot-because air conditioner shall turn on?
Isizathu (kuyashisa) silandelwa yisiphakamiso (sivule i-AC?).
지금은 바쁘니까 나중에 전화해 주세요.
I'm busy right now, so please call me later.
Igama ngegama: Now busy-because later call please give.
Isizathu (ngimatasa) silandelwa ngumyalo/isicelo (sicela ushayele kamuva).
어제 숙제를 다 했으니까 오늘은 마음이 편해요.
Because I finished all my homework yesterday, I feel at ease today.
Igama ngegama: Yesterday homework all did-because today mind is comfortable.
Lesi sibonelo sibonisa ukuthi i--니까 isetshenziswa kanjani nophawu lwenkathi edlule i--했-. Ngokungafani ne--아/어서, i--니까 ingakwazi ukuthatha uphawu lwenkathi edlule, futhi uma yenza njalo, ivame ukuzwakala sengathi uchaza isizathu sakho.
저는 외국인이니까 한국말을 잘 못해요.
Because I am a foreigner, I don't speak Korean well.
Igama ngegama: I foreigner-because Korean language well cannot do.
Lapha, -이니까 inamathiselwe ebizweni (외국인) ukuze isho isizathu.
창문을 여니까 시원한 바람이 들어왔어요.
When I opened the window, a cool breeze came in.
Igama ngegama: Window open-so cool breeze came in.
Lokhu kukhombisa incazelo 'yokuthola'. Isenzo sokuvula ifasitela saholela ekutholakaleni/emiphumeleni yomoya opholile.

Amaphutha avamile

Ukusebenzisa -아/어서 nemiyalo noma iziphakamiso.
날씨가 좋아서 공원에 갑시다.
날씨가 좋으니까 공원에 갑시다.
Uhlelo lolimi -아/어서 alukwazi ukulandelwa yimisho yeziphakamiso (masenze...) noma imisho yomyalo (sicela wenze...). Kufanele usebenzise -니까 kulezi zimo.
Ukusebenzisa isikhathi esedlule -았/었- ngaphambi kwe -아/어서.
어제 피곤했어서 일찍 잤어요.
어제 피곤해서 일찍 잤어요.
Awukwazi ukunamathisela uphawu lwenkathi edlule ngokuqondile ku--아/어서. Inkathi iqondakala esenzweni sokugcina.