-ki (bogʻlovchi)
The Linking -ki
Main clause + -ki, then the clause that explains it: Shunday charchadimki, darrov uxlab qoldim (I was so tired that I fell asleep at once).
How It Works
1. Where -ki goes
Attach -ki to the last word of the main clause, usually the verb with its person ending. Write it as part of the word, with no hyphen, and put a comma after it:
- bilingki (know that)
- umid qilamanki (I hope that)
- charchadimki (I was so tired that)
- edi → ediki, shu → shuki
The clause that explains always comes after the -ki clause.
2. Filling in a pointing word
When the main clause has shuni or shu narsa, the second clause says what it is: Shuni bilingki, dunyoda tinchlikdan ulugʻroq neʼmat yoʻq (Know this: there is no greater blessing in the world than peace). Shu narsa qiziqki, uyquda ham miya ishlashdan toʻxtamaydi (What is interesting is that the brain keeps working even in sleep).
3. So ... that
With shunday or shunchalik in the main clause, the second clause gives the result: Havo shunchalik issiq ediki, hech kim koʻchaga chiqmadi (It was so hot that nobody went outside).
4. Everyday openers
Some -ki phrases are very common: Umid qilamanki, ... (I hope that ...), Aytmoqchimanki, ... (What I want to say is ...), Koʻrinib turibdiki, ... (It is clear that ...). Formal writing adds more, such as shuni taʼkidlash kerakki.
5. Not the -ki of kechki
This -ki is not the ending in kechki (evening) or tashqi (outer), which makes adjectives from time and place words: -gi / -ki / -qi. Words such as chunki and kimki contain the same ki, but they are whole words that you learn on their own.
Examples (6)
- Shuni bilingki, dunyoda tinchlikdan ulugʻroq neʼmat yoʻq.
Know this: there is no greater blessing in the world than peace.
Word by Word: That-(object) know-ki, world-in peace-than greater blessing there-is-not.
- Shunday charchadimki, darrov uxlab qoldim.
I was so tired that I fell asleep at once.
Word by Word: So I-got-tired-ki, at-once sleeping I-stayed.
- Umid qilamanki, tez orada koʻrishamiz.
I hope we'll see each other soon.
Word by Word: Hope I-do-ki, soon we-see-each-other.
- Havo shunchalik issiq ediki, hech kim koʻchaga chiqmadi.
It was so hot that nobody went outside.
Word by Word: Weather so hot was-ki, no one street-to went-out.
Edi becomes ediki.
- Shu narsa qiziqki, uyquda ham miya ishlashdan toʻxtamaydi.
What is interesting is that the brain keeps working even in sleep.
Word by Word: This thing interesting-ki, sleep-in even brain working-from does-not-stop.
- Aytmoqchimanki, ertaga dars boʻlmaydi.
What I want to say is that there's no class tomorrow.
Word by Word: I-want-to-say-ki, tomorrow class will-not-be.
Common Mistakes
Putting -ki on the clause that explains instead of on the main clause.
Umid qilaman, tez orada koʻrishamizki.Umid qilamanki, tez orada koʻrishamiz.-ki goes at the end of the main clause, the one that points ahead. The clause that explains comes after it, without -ki.
Writing -ki with a hyphen.
Umid qilaman-ki, tez orada koʻrishamiz.Umid qilamanki, tez orada koʻrishamiz.Particles such as -chi and -u take a hyphen, but the linking -ki is written as part of the word: qilamanki, bilingki.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Builds on Such, Like This.
Related Patterns
- shuni taʼkidlash kerakkiIt Should Be Stressed That
A formal opener built with this -ki: it should be stressed that ....
Level 6 - kimkiWhoever (Literary)
Contains the same ki and opens a whoever clause in literary style.
Level 6 - -gi / -ki / -qiTime and Place Adjectives
A different -ki that makes adjectives from time and place words, as in kechki.
Level 3 - chunkiBecause
The because word, which also contains ki but works as a whole word.
Level 2 - debQuoting with Deb
Another way to attach what someone says or thinks, but deb comes after the reported words: Keladi deb oʻylayman, compared with Oʻylaymanki, keladi.
Level 3
Practice -ki (bogʻlovchi) in Bubblegum
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