-siz (kesimlik)

You Are (Polite or Plural): -siz

Level 1

-siz means you are, polite or plural: Siz oʻqituvchisiz (You are a teacher), Siz qayerdasiz? (Where are you?).

How It Works

Who gets -siz
-siz goes with siz: one person you treat politely, or a group. With a close friend or a child you may use -san instead. To make it clear that you mean a group, say sizlar, and the ending can grow to -sizlar: Sizlar talabasizlar (You are students); see You All.

How it attaches

  • Noun: oʻqituvchi + -siz → oʻqituvchisiz (you are a teacher).
  • Adjective: mehribon + -siz → mehribonsiz (you are kind).
  • Place: Toshkent + -dan + -siz → Toshkentdansiz (you are from Tashkent).

Questions
In the order textbooks teach, -mi comes before -siz: talabamisiz?, Toshkentdanmisiz? The greeting Yaxshimisiz? is built the same way: yaxshi + -mi + -siz. Everyday speech also puts -mi last, as in oʻqituvchisizmi? and Yaxshisizmi?, and both orders are understood.

Negatives and verbs
To say you are not, move -siz onto emas: Siz talaba emassiz (You are not a student). Present-tense verbs use the same ending: kelasiz (you come), ketyapsiz (you are going).

Same sound, different jobs
Do not confuse this ending with -siz meaning without: shakarsiz choy is tea without sugar. The possessive for your is a different ending, -(i)ngiz: kitobingiz (your book).

Examples (6)

  1. Siz oʻqituvchisiz.

    You are a teacher.

    Word by Word: You teacher-you-are.

  2. Siz qayerdasiz?

    Where are you?

    Word by Word: You where-at-you-are?

  3. Siz talabamisiz?

    Are you a student?

    Word by Word: You student-Q-you-are?

    This is the textbook order: -mi comes before -siz.

  4. Yaxshimisiz?

    How are you?

    Word by Word: Well-Q-you-are?

  5. Siz juda mehribonsiz.

    You are very kind.

    Word by Word: You very kind-you-are.

  6. Siz Toshkentdanmisiz?

    Are you from Tashkent?

    Word by Word: You Tashkent-from-Q-you-are?

    The order is place ending, then -mi, then -siz.

Common Mistakes

  • Using -siz on a past-tense verb.

    Siz kecha keldisiz.
    Siz kecha keldingiz.

    -siz works in noun sentences and in the present tenses (kelasiz, ketyapsiz). The past tense in -di takes -ngiz instead: keldingiz (you came).

  • Using the familiar ending with siz.

    Siz talabasan.
    Siz talabasiz.

    In a noun sentence, siz goes with -siz; -san belongs to sen.

  • Writing -siz as a separate word.

    Siz oʻqituvchi siz.
    Siz oʻqituvchisiz.

    The ending is written together with the word. Siz on its own is the pronoun.

How It Connects

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-siz (kesimlik)Level 1You Are (Polite or Plural): -siz

Learn This First

Builds on You (Polite or Plural) and You Are (Familiar): -san.

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