ดังนี้

As Follows

Level 5

ดังนี้ (dang-níi) can mean “as follows” or “in this way.” The displayed introductory lines announce steps, a resolution, a chart, or a summary.

How It Works

Two Related Readings
ดังนี้ can mean “as follows” or “in this way.” โปรดทำดังนี้, for example, asks someone to proceed in this manner. Do not make every occurrence a forward-only list marker.

Read The Introductory Lines
มีขั้นตอนการสมัครดังนี้ announces application steps. คณะกรรมการได้มีมติดังนี้ announces the wording of a resolution. เขียนเป็นแผนภูมิดังนี้ points to a chart, and ผลการวิจัยสรุปได้ดังนี้ announces a summary.

Supply Details In A Complete Text
These four displayed examples are introductory lines. They do not include the actual steps, resolution, chart, or findings. In a complete text, the relevant list, quotation, or visual supplies what the reader needs. ดังนี้ alone does not guarantee that every item has been included.

Compare The Intended Link
ดังนั้น introduces a consequence. ดังนี้ can describe “in this way” or announce “as follows.” A rain sentence containing ดังนี้ must be read for that meaning rather than rejected solely because it contains rain. Compare ทั้งนี้ in its own complete examples; the similar-looking endings do not make the words interchangeable.

Examples (4)

  1. มีขั้นตอนการสมัครดังนี้

    The application steps are as follows.

    Word by Word: have steps process apply as follows

    This introductory line announces application steps. The steps themselves are not included in this example.

  2. คณะกรรมการได้มีมติดังนี้

    The committee has reached a resolution as follows.

    Word by Word: committee [past marker] have resolution as follows

    This introductory line announces the wording of a committee resolution. The resolution itself is not supplied.

  3. เขียนเป็นแผนภูมิดังนี้

    Written as a chart like this.

    Word by Word: write be chart like this

    This line points to a chart. No chart is included in the displayed example.

  4. ผลการวิจัยสรุปได้ดังนี้

    The research results can be summarized as follows.

    Word by Word: result research summarize can as follows

    This line announces a summary of research results. The actual results are not included.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

ดังนี้Level 5As Follows

Learn This First

To understand 'ดังนี้' (as follows), learners need to be familiar with the demonstrative 'นี้' (this) and how it combines with the formal prefix 'ดัง-' to point forward to upcoming information. Since this pattern is primarily found in formal documents and official lists, an awareness of Thai formal writing registers is also necessary.

Words in This Pattern

ดังนี้