के तहत / के मद्देनज़र
Formal Postpositions in the News
के तहत means under, and के मद्देनज़र means in view of. Both are everywhere in Hindi news.
How It Works
News reports and official announcements use many compound postpositions, and these two are among the most frequent. Both came into Hindi from Arabic and Persian, so write the nukta: मद्देनज़र.
| Phrase | Meaning | Typical nouns |
|---|---|---|
| के तहत | under, as part of | योजना, क़ानून, नियम, समझौता (agreement) |
| के मद्देनज़र | in view of, considering | सुरक्षा, मौसम, त्योहार, स्थिति (situation) |
A sentence with के मद्देनज़र usually reports a decision or a precaution, and the phrase gives the reason for it: सुरक्षा के मद्देनज़र पुलिस तैनात की गई है.
The same ideas have other forms:
- के तहत or the more Sanskrit-based के अंतर्गत
- के मद्देनज़र or को देखते हुए and को ध्यान में रखते हुए (taking into account)
Other compound postpositions you will meet in the news include के मुताबिक़ (according to), के चलते (because of) and के ज़रिए (through).
Examples (4)
- इस योजना के तहत किसानों को मुफ़्त बीज दिए जाएँगे।
Under this scheme, farmers will be given free seeds.
के तहत names the scheme that applies.
- नए क़ानून के तहत सड़क पर कूड़ा फेंकने पर जुर्माना लगेगा।
Under the new law, people who throw litter on the street will be fined.
Laws and rules often appear with के तहत.
- सुरक्षा के मद्देनज़र स्टेशन पर पुलिस तैनात की गई है।
Police have been posted at the station for security reasons.
के मद्देनज़र gives the reason for the decision.
- ख़राब मौसम के मद्देनज़र सभी स्कूल दो दिन बंद रहेंगे।
In view of the bad weather, all schools will stay closed for two days.
A typical news announcement.
Common Mistakes
Using की after a feminine noun.
इस योजना की तहत किसानों को बीज मिलेंगे।इस योजना के तहत किसानों को बीज मिलेंगे।तहत always takes के, even after a feminine noun like योजना.
How It Connects
Learn This First
News postpositions extend the formal two-part postpositions.
Related Patterns
- की वजह से / के कारणBecause of
These give a cause; के मद्देनज़र gives a consideration behind a decision.
Level 3 - द्वाराBy an Agent in Formal Writing
News sentences with these postpositions often use द्वारा and the passive.
Level 6 - Reading Dense Formal Prose
Formal postpositions are a key part of dense formal prose.
Level 6
Words in This Pattern
Practice के तहत / के मद्देनज़र in Bubblegum
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