-더냐

Was It?, Did They?

Izinga 4Kuzwakala kanje deonya

-더냐 yisiphetho sombuzo esidala. Umuntu omdala usisebenzisa ukubuza umuntu omncane ngento ayibonile, ayenzile, noma ayizwile esikhathini esedlule. Uzoyizwa kaningi emidlalweni yomlando.

Isebenza kanjani

-더냐 yisiphetho sombuzo esikhethekile ozohlangana naso kakhulu ezincwadini noma emidlalweni yomlando (사극) kunasezinkulumweni zansuku zonke zesiKorea samanje. Inomqondo othile womuntu omdala noma onesikhundla esiphezulu okhuluma phansi kothile omncane noma onesikhundla esiphansi, abanobudlelwano obusondelene nabo (isibonelo, inkosi kothile ongaphansi kwayo, ugogo kumzukulu).

Isakhiwo:
Yakhiwe ngokuhlanganisa amaphuzu amabili olimi:
1. -더-: Uphawu lwesikhathi esedlule olukhombisa ukuthi okhulumayo ubhekisela entweni eyenzeke esikhathini esedlule ayibone mathupha, noma ubuza umuntu amlalelayo ngento ayibonile yena.
2. -냐: Isiphetho sombuzo esingahlelekile nesijwayelekile.

Inhlanganisela ethi -더냐 ibuza ngokuqondile umuntu amlalelayo ngento okucatshangwa ukuthi uyibonile, uyizwile, noma uyizwile. Ngenxa yokuthi u--더- ngokwawo ubhekisela esikhathini esedlule, awufaki uphawu lwesikhathi esedlule -았/었- ngaphambi kwaso.

Ukuhlanganiswa:
Namathisela -더냐 ngokuqondile esiqwini sezenzo nezichasiso, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isiqu siphela ngonkamisa noma ngongwaqa.

  • 가다 (ukuya) → 가더냐?
  • 먹다 (ukudla) → 먹더냐?
  • 춥다 (ukubanda) → 춥더냐?
  • 예쁘다 (ukuba muhle) → 예쁘더냐?

Ezibizweni, usebenzisa -(이)더냐.

  • 학생 (umfundi) + 이다 → 학생이더냐?
  • 의사 (udokotela) + 이다 → 의사더냐?

EsiKorean samanje, ungasebenzisa iziphetho ezifana no--았/었어? noma -았/었니? esikhundleni salokho. Isibonelo, 춥더냐? kungaba 추웠어? esimweni samanje nesingahlelekile.

Izibonelo (4)

  1. 밖에 비가 오더냐?

    Was it raining outside? (An elder asking a younger person who just came inside)

    Igama ngegama: Outside rain was coming?

    Okhulumayo ubuza umuntu amlalelayo ngento ayibonile mathupha mayelana nesimo sezulu.

  2. 어제 갔던 산은 경치가 아름답더냐?

    Was the scenery of the mountain you went to yesterday beautiful?

    Igama ngegama: Yesterday went-to mountain-TOPIC scenery beautiful-was-it?

    Ukubuza ngesipiliyoni somuntu amlalelayo kanye nendlela ayibona ngayo ubuhle bentaba.

  3. 네가 직접 보니 그 아이가 똑똑하더냐?

    Since you saw him yourself, was the child smart?

    Igama ngegama: You directly saw-so that child-SUBJECT smart-was-he?

    Umbuzo ususelwa ekuhloleni komuntu amlalelayo ngemva kokubona ingane.

  4. 그 사람이 정말로 네 스승이더냐?

    Was that person truly your teacher?

    Igama ngegama: That person really your teacher was-he?

    Kusetshenziswe nesibizo esithi '스승' (uthisha) ukucela isiqinisekiso ngesimo esedlule.

Amaphutha avamile

  • Ukusebenzisa uphawu lwesikhathi esedlule -았/었- no -더냐.

    Incazelo ehlukile어제 음식이 맛있었더냐?
    어제 음식이 맛있더냐?

    Uphawu lwesikhathi esedlule -더- seluvele lunomqondo wesikhathi esedlule. Ukwengeza u--았/었- kuyaphindaphinda futhi akulungile ngokohlelo lolimi.

  • Ukusebenzisa -더냐 engxoxweni yanamuhla yansuku zonke phakathi kontanga noma kumuntu omdala.

    Incazelo ehlukile(A student to their professor) 교수님, 어제 수업이 재미있더냐?
    교수님, 어제 수업이 재미있었습니까?

    -더냐 yindlela endala esetshenziswa ngumuntu onesikhundla esiphezulu kothile onesikhundla esiphansi. Ukuyisebenzisa kumuntu omdala noma esimweni esisemthethweni akufanele neze. Isiphetho sombuzo esisemthethweni esifana no--습니까? kufanele sisetshenziswe esikhundleni salokho.

Ihlangana kanjani

Funda lokhu kuqala

Izakhiwo ezihlobene

Amagama kulesi sakhiwo

-더냐
Zijwayeze -더냐 ku-BubblegumUPoppy, uthisha wakho we-AI, ubhala izifundo zolimi isiKorea ezilingana nezinga lakho. Thinta noma yiliphi iphuzu legrama esifundweni ukuze ubone incazelo yalo ephelele.