-(으)려던

Was Going To

Kiwango 4Inasikika kama ryeodeon

'-려던' inamaanisha 'nilikuwa nita...' au 'nilikusudia...'. Inatumika wakati kitendo kilichokusudiwa kilikatizwa au kubadilika. Kwa mfano, '사려던 책' inamaanisha 'kitabu nilichokuwa nitaenda kununua'.

Jinsi unavyofanya kazi

'-려던' ni umbo lenye nguvu la kurekebisha nomino linaloelezea nia ya wakati uliopita iliyokatizwa, kubadilishwa, au kutokamilika. Inaundwa kwa kuchanganya alama ya nia '-(으)려' na kirekebishi cha wakati uliopita '-던'.

Unyambulishaji:

  • Mashina ya vitenzi yanayoishia na vokali au ㄹ + -려던
    - 가다 (kwenda) → 가려던
    - 만들다 (kutengeneza) → 만들려던
  • Mashina ya vitenzi yanayoishia na konsonanti (isipokuwa ㄹ) + -으려던
    - 먹다 (kula) → 먹으려던
    - 찾다 (kutafuta) → 찾으려던

Nomino inayofuata '-려던' ni kitu, mahali, wakati, au dhana inayohusiana na mpango ambao haukutimizwa. Kwa mfano, '읽으려던 책' inamaanisha 'kitabu nilichokuwa nitaenda kusoma (lakini sikusoma)'.

Semi ya kawaida na muhimu ni -려던 참이다, ambayo inamaanisha 'kuwa karibu tu kufanya kitu'. Inasisitiza kuwa mzungumzaji alikuwa katika hatua ya kuanza kitendo wakati kitu kingine kilipotokea.

Ulinganisho na miundo inayofanana:

  • -려던 vs. -려다가: '-려던' inarekebisha nomino (읽으려던 책). '-려다가' inaunganisha vishazi viwili, ikionyesha kitendo kilisimama na kingine kikaanza (책을 읽으려다가 잠들었어요 - Nilikuwa nitaenda kusoma kitabu, lakini nilisinzia).
  • -려던 vs. -던: '-던' inaelezea kitendo cha wakati uliopita kilichokuwa cha mazoea au kisichokamilika (읽던 책 - kitabu nilichokuwa nikikisoma). '-려던' inaongeza maana mahususi ya nia (읽으려던 책 - kitabu nilichokuwa nimekusudia kusoma).

Mifano (4)

  1. 어제 사려던 옷이 오늘 세일하네요.

    The clothes I was going to buy yesterday are on sale today.

    Neno kwa neno: Yesterday was going to buy clothes today are on sale.

  2. 원래 가려던 식당이 문을 닫아서 다른 곳에 갔어요.

    The restaurant I was originally going to go to was closed, so I went somewhere else.

    Neno kwa neno: Originally was going to go restaurant door closed so another place went.

  3. 전화 잘했어요. 막 집을 나서려던 참이었어요.

    Good thing you called. I was just about to leave the house.

    Neno kwa neno: Phone well did. Just house was about to leave moment was.

    Semi ya '-려던 참이다' ni ya kawaida sana na inamaanisha 'kuwa karibu tu kufanya kitu'.

  4. 친구가 내가 말하려던 것을 먼저 말해 버렸다.

    My friend said what I was going to say first.

    Neno kwa neno: Friend I was going to say thing first said completely.

Makosa ya kawaida

  • Kuchanganya -려던 (kirekebishi cha nomino) na -려다가 (kiunganishi cha vishazi).

    숙제를 하려던 잠이 들었어요.
    숙제를 하려다가 잠이 들었어요.

    '-려던' lazima irekebishe nomino (mfano: 하려던 숙제 - kazi ya nyumbani niliyokuwa nitaenda kufanya). Ili kuunganisha vishazi viwili ambapo kitendo cha kwanza kilichokusudiwa kilikatizwa na cha pili, lazima utumie -려다가.

  • Kutumia -려던 kwa kitendo ambacho kilikamilika wakati uliokusudiwa.

    Maana tofauti어제 먹으려던 피자를 어제 맛있게 먹었어요.
    어제 먹으려던 피자를 오늘 먹었어요.

    '-려던' inaashiria kuwa kitendo hakikutokea kama ilivyopangwa. Sentensi isiyo sahihi inajipinga ('Nilila pizza jana ambayo nilikuwa nitaenda kula jana'). Sentensi sahihi inaonyesha mpango ulibadilika (nila leo badala yake). Ikiwa kitendo kilikamilika kama ilivyopangwa, tumia kirekebishi cha wakati uliopita kama -ㄴ/은 (어제 먹은 피자 - pizza niliyokula jana).

Jinsi inavyounganishwa

Jifunze hii kwanza

Miundo inayohusiana

Maneno katika muundo huu

-려던
Fanya mazoezi ya -(으)려던 ndani ya BubblegumPoppy, mwalimu wako wa AI, anaandika masomo ya Kikorea kulingana na kiwango chako. Gusa kipengele chochote cha sarufi kwenye somo ili kuona maelezo yake kamili.