Doubling With сите / секого

Doubling with Сите and Секого

Level 4Sounds Like udvoǰuvan̂e so site; sekogo

Words for a whole known group are usually doubled like definite objects: Ги поканив сите. (I invited everyone.) Секого го познава. (He knows everyone.)

How It Works

Сите as an object. Сите means "all of a known group", so it counts as definite: Ги поканив сите. (I invited everyone.) Ги знам сите одговори. (I know all the answers.) Ги поздрави сите гости. (He greeted all the guests.)

Секој as an object. For people, the object form is секого, and it usually takes го: Во селото секого го познава. (In the village he knows everyone.) The fixed saying секој секого познава (everyone knows everyone) leaves it out. Before a noun, секој changes like an adjective, and the pronoun matches the noun: Секоја порака ја читам внимателно. (I read every message carefully.)

To-someone objects. With на, add им: Им благодарам на сите што дојдоа. (I thank everyone who came.) See indirect objects with на.

Both. Двата, двете and двајцата carry the article, so they are doubled too: Ги прочитав двете книги. (I read both books.)

What is not doubled. Negative and open words such as никого, ништо, некого and нешто usually take no short pronoun: Никого не видов. (I didn't see anyone.) Видов некого. (I saw someone.) As a subject, сите needs no pronoun either: Сите дојдоа. Time phrases such as секој ден are not objects: in Секој ден го гледам (I see him every day), го means "him".

Examples (5)

  1. Ги поканив сите на роденденот.

    I invited everyone to the birthday party.

    Word by Word: Them I-invited all to birthday-the.

  2. Во селото секого го познава.

    In the village he knows everyone.

    Word by Word: In village-the everyone him knows.

  3. Ги знам сите одговори.

    I know all the answers.

    Word by Word: Them I-know all answers.

  4. Им благодарам на сите што дојдоа.

    I thank everyone who came.

    Word by Word: To-them I-thank to all that came.

  5. Ги прочитав двете книги.

    I read both books.

    Word by Word: Them I-read both-the books.

Common Mistakes

  • Leaving out ги with сите.

    Поканив сите.
    Ги поканив сите.

    Сите as an object counts as definite, so ги comes before the verb.

  • Choosing a pronoun that does not match the noun after секој.

    Секоја порака го читам внимателно.
    Секоја порака ја читам внимателно.

    Порака is feminine, so both секоја and the short pronoun ја match it.

How It Connects

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Doubling With сите / секогоLevel 4Doubling with Сите and Секого

Learn This First

Doubling with сите builds on fronted objects and each/all.

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Patterns that build on this one.

Words in This Pattern

сиот