Reading Dense Formal Prose
Official sentences stack formal words: सरकारद्वारा सार्वजनिक गरिएको सूचनाअनुसार भोलि बैठक बस्नेछ.
How It Works
Official Nepali is dense. One sentence may hold an agent, a passive participle and a postposition before it reaches the main verb.
| Piece | Meaning |
|---|---|
| सरकारद्वारा | by the government |
| सार्वजनिक गरिएको | made public |
| सूचनाअनुसार | according to the notice |
| भोलि बैठक बस्नेछ | a meeting will be held tomorrow |
Work from the end. The main verb (बस्नेछ) is last. Next, find the postposition that links the earlier words to it: अनुसार, बमोजिम or सम्बन्धी. Then read the passive participle (गरिएको), which describes the noun that follows it.
The postpositions usually join a plain noun (सूचनाअनुसार, सूचनाबमोजिम) and stay separate after को. The agent word द्वारा usually joins its noun too.
Formal words are often Sanskrit-based (सम्बन्धित, निर्देशन, अनिवार्य). Learn them in pairs with their everyday partners so that you can read news and notices.
Examples (5)
- सरकारद्वारा सार्वजनिक गरिएको सूचनाअनुसार भोलि बैठक बस्नेछ।
According to the notice made public by the government, a meeting will be held tomorrow.
The sentence stacks द्वारा, a passive participle and अनुसार.
- नगरपालिकाबाट प्रकाशित सूचनाबमोजिम आवेदन दिनुपर्नेछ।
The application must be given in line with the notice published by the municipality.
बमोजिम joins सूचना, and दिनुपर्नेछ is the formal future must.
- विद्यालयद्वारा आयोजित कार्यक्रममा अभिभावकको उपस्थिति अनिवार्य गरिएको छ।
Parents' attendance is made compulsory at the event organized by the school.
आयोजित describes the event, and गरिएको छ is the news passive perfect.
- सम्बन्धित निकायलाई निर्देशन दिइएको छ।
Instructions have been given to the body concerned.
सम्बन्धित and निर्देशन are formal words.
- यस सम्बन्धमा थप जानकारी कार्यालयबाट पाउन सकिनेछ।
More information on this can be had from the office.
सकिनेछ is the formal passive future.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Dense formal prose uses formal words.
Related Patterns
- द्वाराBy an Agent in Formal Writing
द्वारा names the agent.
Level 5 - बमोजिमIn Line with a Rule
बमोजिम means in line with a rule.
Level 5 - को अनुसारAccording to
को अनुसार means according to.
Level 5 - -इएको छNews Passive Perfect
-इएको छ is the news passive perfect.
Level 5 - जानकारी गराइन्छGiving Formal Notice
जानकारी गराइन्छ ends a notice.
Level 6
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