-군/구나
O, Ngiyabona
-군/구나 isiphetho sokumemeza esibonisa ukuthi okhulumayo usanda kuqaphela noma ukufunda okuthile okusha.
Isebenza kanjani
Lolu hlelo luwukuphela kwesigwebo sokumemeza esisetshenziselwa ukuveza ukuqaphela okusha, ukuthola okuthile, noma ukumangala kancane. Kufana nokuzikhulumela ngokuzwakalayo uma uthola okuthile. Okulingana nakho ngesiNgisi kungaba okufana nokuthi, "Oh, I see!", "So that's how it is!", noma "Ah, so that's what's happening!"
Imithetho Yokuhlanganisa:
1. Iziphawulo & 이다/아니다 (ukuba/ukungabi)
Namathisela -구나 ngqo empandeni.
- 예쁘다 (ukuba muhle) → 예쁘구나! (O, kuhle!)
- 학생이다 (ukuba umfundi) → 학생이구나! (O, ungumfundi!)
- 의사다 (ukuba udokotela) → 의사구나! (O, ungudokotela!)
2. Izenzo (Isikhathi Samanje)
Namathisela -는구나 empandeni.
- 가다 (ukuhamba) → 가는구나! (O, uyahamba!)
- 먹다 (ukudla) → 먹는구나! (O, bayadla!)
3. Isikhathi Esidlule (-았/었-) & Isikhathi Esizayo (-겠-)
Kuzo zonke izenzo neziphawulo esikhathini esidlule, namathisela -구나 empandeni enesikhathi.
- 왔다 (ufikile) → 왔구나! (O, ufike!)
- 예뻤다 (bekuhle) → 예뻤구나! (O, bekuhle!)
- 가겠다 (uzohamba) → 가겠구나! (O, ngakho uzohamba!)
Amafomu Ahloniphekile: -군요 / -구나(요)
Ukwenza inkulumo ihlonipheke, ungasebenzisa -군요. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu engxoxweni.
- 예쁘다 → 예쁘군요. (O, kuhle.)
- 가다 → 가는군요. (O, uyahamba.)
- 학생이다 → 학생이군요. (O, ungumfundi.)
Ungaphinda unamathisele -요 ku -구나 (isib. 예쁘구나요), kodwa -군요 kuvame kakhulu enkulumweni ehloniphekile ejwayelekile.
Izibonelo (4)
- 아, 이분이 바로 그 유명한 배우구나.
Ah, so this is that famous actor!
Igama ngegama: Ah, this person immediately that famous actor-구나.
Okhulumayo usanda kuqaphela ukuthi ungubani umuntu ambonayo. '배우' yibizo, ngakho kusetshenziswa -구나.
- 눈이 오는구나. 그래서 이렇게 추웠구나.
Oh, it's snowing. So that's why it was so cold.
Igama ngegama: Snow is coming-구나. Because of that like this was cold-구나.
Okhulumayo uyaqaphela ukuthi liyakhithika (-는구나 nesenzo 오다) bese ekuxhumanisa nesizathu sokubanda (-구나 nesiphawulo sesikhathi esidlule 추웠다).
- 한국어를 정말 잘하시는군요.
Oh, you speak Korean really well!
Igama ngegama: Korean language really well do (honorific)-군요.
Inkulumo ehloniphekile yokumangala nokuqaphela lapho uzwa othile ekhuluma isiKorea kahle. -군요 yifomu elihloniphekile lika -는구나 elinamathiselwe esenzweni 하다.
- 벌써 기차가 도착했구나.
Oh, the train has already arrived.
Igama ngegama: Already train arrived-구나.
Kuvezwa ukumangala ngokuqaphela ukuthi isitimela, okungenzeka ukuthi ubulindile, sesifikile. Kusetshenziswe nesikhathi esidlule 도착했다.
Amaphutha avamile
Ukusebenzisa -구나 nezenzo zesikhathi samanje esikhundleni sika -는구나.
친구가 지금 밥을 먹구나.친구가 지금 밥을 먹는구나.Ezenzweni zesikhathi samanje ezifana no-먹다 (ukudla), kufanele usebenzise ifomu -는구나. Ifomu -구나 ligcinelwe iziphawulo (isib. 예쁘구나), amabizo (isib. 학생이구나), nezenzo zesikhathi esidlule/esizayo (isib. 먹었구나).
Ukusebenzisa -군/구나 ngolwazi osuvele unalo.
Incazelo ehlukile(Knowing your friend is a student for a long time) 너는 학생이구나.(Just finding out) 아, 너도 학생이었구나!Lesi siphetho esokuthile okusanda kuqaphelwa. Ukusisebenzisa ukusho iqiniso obulazi isikhathi eside kuzwakala kungemvelo, sengathi uzenza omangale noma usanda kukhumbula. Kusho ukuthi ulwazi lusha kuwe ngaleso sikhathi.
Ihlangana kanjani
Funda lokhu kuqala
Izakhiwo ezihlobene
- -네Oh, I See
Kokubili -군/구나 kanye -네 kuveza ukumangala noma ukuqaphela. Nokho, -네 kuvame ukusetshenziselwa izinto ozithola ngokuhlangenwe nakho okuqondile, okusheshayo (isib. ukuthinta okuthile bese uthi '차갑네!' - 'O, kuyabanda!'). -군/구나 kungazwakala njengokuqaphela okujule kancane noma okucabangayo okufika ngemva kokucubungula ulwazi oluthile.
Izinga 3 - -더라Kuvele ukuthi, Ngithole ukuthi
-더라 isetshenziselwa ukubika okuthile okubonile, okuzwile, noma okuzwile mathupha esikhathini esidlule. Kumayelana nokudlulisa ukubuka kwesikhathi esidlule. -군/구나 ukusabela okusheshayo, kwangaphakathi kokumangala noma ukuqaphela onakho esikhathini samanje lapho ufunda okuthile. Ungase ubone okuthile (더라) bese uba nokuqaphela ngakho (구나).
Izinga 4 - -잖아Uyazi, ... akunjalo?
Lezi zimbili ziyaphikisana ngendlela ethile. -군/구나 okuthile okhulumayo asanda kuqaphela. Ngokuphambene, -잖아 isetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa okuthile omlaleli asevele ekwazi noma okufanele akwazi (isib. 'Bona? Ngikutshelile,' noma '...uyazi.').
Izinga 3 - -ㄴ/는/ㄹ 것 같다Kubonakala Sengathi, Kubukeka Sengathi
-ㄴ/는/ㄹ 것 같다 kuveza ukuqagela noma ukucabanga ('kubukeka sengathi...'). -군/구나 kuveza ukuqaphela okuqinisekisiwe. Ngokuvamile, ukuqagela nge -것 같다 kulandelwa ukuqaphela nge -구나. Isibonelo: '비가 올 것 같아요.' (Ngicabanga ukuthi izona.) -> (Kuqala ukuna) -> '아, 비가 오는구나!' (Aha, liyana!).
Izinga 3