-고서

Ngemuva Kokwenza, Futhi Ngemuva Kokuba

Izinga 3Kuzwakala kanje goseo

'-고서' kusho 'ngemuva kokwenza (okuthile), bese...'. Ixhuma izenzo ezimbili lapho eyokuqala kumele iqede ngaphambi kokuba eyesibili iqale.

Isebenza kanjani

'-고서' isiphetho sokuxhuma esisetshenziselwa ukukhombisa ukulandelana kwezenzakalo. Ixhuma esiqwini sesenzo futhi ikhombise ukuthi isenzo esigabeni sokuqala siqediwe ngaphambi kokuba isenzo esigabeni sesibili siqale.

Izici Eziyinhloko:

  • Ukulandelana Nokuqedwa: Igcizelela ukuthi isenzo sokuqala siqediwe ngokuphelele. Ngokwesibonelo, '밥을 먹고서 TV를 봤어요' kusho 'Ngemuva kokuqeda ukudla kwami, ngibukele i-TV.'
  • Ubuhlobo Obuyimbangela: Ingasho ukuthi isenzo sokuqala siyimbangela noma isizathu sesesibili. Ngokwesibonelo, '열심히 일하고서 돈을 많이 벌었어요' (Ngemuva kokusebenza kanzima, ngithole imali eningi) kusikisela ukuthi ukusebenza kanzima kuholele emalini etholakele.
  • Imiphumela Engalindelekile: Ingasetshenziswa futhi lapho umphumela wesenzo sokuqala ungalindelekile noma uphambene nalokho umuntu angakulindela. Ngokwesibonelo, '그렇게 약속을 하고서 오지 않았다' (Ngemuva kokwenza isithembiso esinjalo, akazange eze).

Ukuqhathanisa namaphethini afanayo:

  • -고: Isixhumi sokulandelana esijwayelekile. '-고서' ivame ukushintshana ne-'-고' kodwa yengeza ukugcizelela okwengeziwe ekuqedweni noma ekuxhumekeni phakathi kwezigaba.
  • -고 나서: Ifana kakhulu ne-'-고서' futhi ivame ukushintshana. Umehluko oyinhloko umkhawulo wohlelo lolimi: '-고서' ayikwazi ukulandela isigaba sokuyala (-으세요) noma sokusikisela (-ㅂ시다), kanti i-'-고 나서' ingakwazi.

Umthetho: Isihloko sezigaba zokuqala nezesibili kumele sibe sinye.

Izibonelo (4)

  1. 밥을 먹고서 숙제를 했어요.

    After eating a meal, I did my homework.

    Igama ngegama: Meal eat-and-then homework did.

    Lokhu kukhombisa ukulandelana okulula kwezenzo. Okokuqala, isenzo sokudla saqedwa, bese isenzo sokwenza umsebenzi wesikole saqala.

  2. 열심히 공부하고서 시험에 합격했어요.

    After studying hard, I passed the exam.

    Igama ngegama: Diligently study-and-then exam passed.

    Lapha, '-고서' isikisela ukuxhumana okuyimbangela. Isenzo sokufunda kanzima sethulwa njengesizathu sokuphasa isivivinyo.

  3. 그는 약속을 하고서 나타나지 않았어요.

    He made a promise and then didn't show up.

    Igama ngegama: He promise made-and-then did not appear.

    Lesi sibonelo sikhombisa umphumela ongalindelekile. Ukwenza isithembiso kuvame ukwenza umuntu alindele ukuthi umuntu avele, kodwa kwenzeke okuphambene.

  4. 창문을 닫고서 에어컨을 켰어요.

    After closing the window, I turned on the air conditioner.

    Igama ngegama: Window close-and-then air conditioner turned on.

    Lokhu kukhombisa ukulandelana okunengqondo lapho isenzo sokuqala (ukuvala iwindi) kuyisinyathelo esidingekayo noma esinengqondo ngaphambi kwesesibili (ukuvula i-AC).

Amaphutha avamile

  • Ukusebenzisa '-고서' nemiyalo noma iziphakamiso.

    Incazelo ehlukile숙제를 다 하고서 놀러 가세요.
    숙제를 다 하고 나서 놀러 가세요.

    '-고서' ayikwazi ukulandela iziphetho zomyalo ezifana ne-'-으세요' noma iziphetho zokusikisela ezifana ne-'-ㅂ시다'. Kulezi zimo, kumele usebenzise -고 나서 noma umane usebenzise -고.

  • Ukusebenzisa izihloko ezihlukene ezigabeni ezimbili.

    Incazelo ehlukile내가 밥을 먹고서 동생이 설거지를 했다.
    내가 밥을 먹은 후에 동생이 설거지를 했다.

    Isihloko esenza isenzo ngaphambi nangemuva kwe-'-고서' kumele sibe sinye. Emshweni ongalungile, 'Mina' ngidle futhi 'umfowethu omncane' ugeze izitsha. Ukuze uxhumanise izenzo ngezihloko ezihlukene, ungasebenzisa isakhiwo esihlukile esifana ne--ㄴ 다음에/후에.

Ihlangana kanjani

Funda lokhu kuqala

Izakhiwo ezihlobene

Amagama kulesi sakhiwo

-고서
Zijwayeze -고서 ku-BubblegumUPoppy, uthisha wakho we-AI, ubhala izifundo zolimi isiKorea ezilingana nezinga lakho. Thinta noma yiliphi iphuzu legrama esifundweni ukuze ubone incazelo yalo ephelele.