-ㄴ/는/ㄹ 텐데

Ninatarajia, inaelekea

Kiwango 6Inasikika kama neun tende

Inaelezea hali inayoelekea kutokea au matarajio (-ㄹ 터), mara nyingi ikifuatiwa na ukweli tofauti au pendekezo/swali linalohusiana (-ㄴ/는데).

Jinsi unavyofanya kazi

-ㄴ/는/ㄹ 텐데 ni kiambishi cha hali ya juu kinachotumika kuunganisha dhana ya mzungumzaji na wazo linalohusiana. Ni muhimu kwa kuelezea mawazo ya kina na kuunda sentensi laini na ngumu zaidi.

Kanuni za Uunganishaji:
Uunganishaji unategemea wakati na aina ya neno (kitenzi/kivumishi).

1. Dhana ya Sasa au ya Baadaye: -(으)ㄹ 텐데
Hii ndiyo fomu ya kawaida zaidi. Inatumika kukisia kuhusu hali ya sasa (pamoja na vivumishi/이다) au tukio linaloelekea kutokea baadaye (pamoja na vitenzi).

  • Vivumishi/이다 (Hali ya Sasa):
    › Shina la kivumishi linaloishia na vokali + -ㄹ 텐데: 바쁘다 → 바쁠 텐데 (lazima awe na shughuli nyingi)
    › Shina la kivumishi linaloishia na konsonanti + -을 텐데: 좋다 → 좋을 텐데 (lazima iwe nzuri)
    › Nomino + -일 텐데: 학생이다 → 학생일 텐데 (pengine ni mwanafunzi)
  • Vitenzi vya Matendo (Tendo la Baadaye):
    › Shina la kitenzi linaloishia na vokali + -ㄹ 텐데: 오다 → 올 텐데 (ataelekea kuja)
    › Shina la kitenzi linaloishia na konsonanti + -을 텐데: 먹다 → 먹을 텐데 (ataelekea kula)

2. Dhana kuhusu Tendo Linaloendelea: -고 있을 텐데
Ili kukisia kuwa tendo linaendelea sasa hivi, tumia fomu ya -고 있다.

  • Shina la Kitenzi cha Matendo + -고 있을 텐데
    › 가다 → 가고 있을 텐데 (pengine anaenda)
    › 읽다 → 읽고 있을 텐데 (pengine anasoma)

3. Dhana ya Wakati Uliopita: -았/었을 텐데
Fomu hii inatumika kukisia kuhusu kitu ambacho tayari kimetokea.

  • Shina la Kitenzi/Kivumishi + -았/었을 텐데
    › 하다 → 했을 텐데 (lazima alifanya)
    › 많다 → 많았을 텐데 (lazima ilikuwa nyingi)

Matumizi Makuu:

1. Dhana + Ukweli Tofauti
Inatumika wakati ukweli ni tofauti na ule uliotarajiwa.
› 그 식당이 맛있을 텐데 사람이 별로 없네요. (Mgahawa huo unatarajiwa kuwa mtamu, lakini hakuna watu wengi.)

2. Dhana + Pendekezo, Swali, au Wasiwasi
Inatumika kutoa sababu au muktadha kwa swali, pendekezo, au kuelezea wasiwasi.
› 날씨가 추울 텐데 옷을 따뜻하게 입으세요. (Hali ya hewa itakuwa ya baridi, kwa hivyo tafadhali vaa nguo za joto.)
› 지금쯤 도착했을 텐데 왜 연락이 없지? (Wanapaswa kuwa wamefika sasa, kwa nini hakuna taarifa kutoka kwao?)

Mifano (5)

  1. 밖에 비가 올 텐데 우산 챙겼어요?

    It's probably going to rain outside, did you take an umbrella?

    Neno kwa neno: Outside rain will probably come but did you pack an umbrella?

    Mzungumzaji anadhani mvua itanyesha (올 텐데) na anatumia hilo kama msingi wa kuuliza swali.

  2. 시험공부 하느라 힘들었을 텐데 좀 쉬세요.

    You must have been tired from studying for the exam, so please get some rest.

    Neno kwa neno: Because of studying for the exam must have been tired but rest a bit.

    Mzungumzaji anatoa dhana kuhusu hali ya wakati uliopita (힘들었을 텐데) na anatoa pendekezo kulingana na hilo.

  3. 김 부장님은 지금 회의 중이실 텐데 나중에 다시 전화해 보세요.

    Mr. Kim is probably in a meeting right now, so try calling back later.

    Neno kwa neno: Manager Kim now is in a meeting probably but later again try calling.

    Hii inatumia heshima -시- pamoja na muundo (중이실 텐데) kufanya makisio ya heshima kuhusu hali ya sasa ya mtu mkuu na kutoa ushauri.

  4. 이 시간이면 길이 많이 막힐 텐데 지하철을 타는 게 어때요?

    The roads will likely be very congested at this time, so how about taking the subway?

    Neno kwa neno: At this time the road much will be blocked but taking the subway how about it?

    Mzungumzaji anataja hali inayoelekea kutokea (막힐 텐데) na anatoa pendekezo.

  5. 그 영화가 재미있었을 텐데 결국 못 봤어요.

    That movie must have been interesting, but I didn't get to see it in the end.

    Neno kwa neno: That movie must have been interesting but in the end could not see.

    Mzungumzaji anadhani filamu ilikuwa nzuri (재미있었을 텐데) na anafuata na ukweli tofauti (kutoweza kuiona).

Makosa ya kawaida

  • Kuchanganya na -ㄹ 테니까, ambayo inatoa sababu kali kwa amri.

    Maana tofauti내가 도와줄 텐데 걱정하지 마세요.
    내가 도와줄 테니까 걱정하지 마세요.

    -ㄹ 테니까 inaeleza nia ya mzungumzaji kama sababu ya moja kwa moja na kali kwa amri inayofuata ('Nitakusaidia, KWA HIVYO usijali'). -ㄹ 텐데 ni laini zaidi; inaweka hali ('Pengine nitakusaidia, na katika muktadha huo, usijali'). Kwa amri za moja kwa moja, -ㄹ 테니까 kwa kawaida ni ya asili zaidi.

  • Kutumia wakati usio sahihi kwa dhana.

    어제 파티가 재미있을 텐데 못 가서 아쉬워요.
    어제 파티가 재미있었을 텐데 못 가서 아쉬워요.

    Unapofanya dhana kuhusu tukio la wakati uliopita (kama 'sherehe ya jana'), lazima utumie fomu ya wakati uliopita -았/었을 텐데. Mfano usio sahihi unatumia fomu ya dhana ya baadaye/sasa kwa tukio la wakati uliopita.

Jinsi inavyounganishwa

Jifunze hii kwanza

Maneno katika muundo huu

-ㄹ 텐데터