-고 말다

Kumaliza Kufanya, Hatimaye Kufanya

Kiwango 3Inasikika kama go malda

-고 말다 hutumika wakati kitendo hatimaye kinatokea, mara nyingi kitu ambacho hukutaka kitokee au kitu kilichotokea baada ya mchakato mrefu. Inatafsiriwa kama 'kumaliza kufanya' au 'hatimaye kufanya'.

Jinsi unavyofanya kazi

-고 말다 ni muundo wa kitenzi kisaidizi unaoongeza maana maalum kwenye kukamilika kwa kitendo. Haitumiki kwa vitendo rahisi vilivyopangwa, bali kwa hali zenye hitimisho la kusisimua au la uhakika zaidi.

Kuna maana mbili kuu:

1. Matokeo Yasiyokusudiwa au Yasiyotakiwa (Ya Kawaida Zaidi)
Matumizi haya yanamaanisha kuwa kitu kilitokea kinyume na matakwa au matarajio ya mtu, mara nyingi yakisababisha hisia ya majuto au masikitiko.

  • 참으려고 했는데 울고 말았어요. (Nilijaribu kujizuia, lakini niliishia kulia.)
  • 비밀을 지키기로 약속했는데 친구에게 이야기하고 말았어요. (Niliahidi kutunza siri, lakini niliishia kumwambia rafiki yangu.)

2. Mafanikio ya Mwisho Baada ya Juhudi
Matumizi haya yanaangazia kuwa kitu hatimaye kilikamilika baada ya mapambano marefu au kipindi cha juhudi. Mara nyingi huonekana na vielezi kama 결국 (mwishowe) au 드디어 (hatimaye).

  • 오랜 노력 끝에 드디어 시험에 합격하고 말았어요. (Baada ya juhudi ndefu, hatimaye nilifaulu mtihani.)
  • 그는 포기하지 않고 계속 도전해서 결국 성공하고 말았다. (Hakukata tamaa na aliendelea kujipa changamoto, na mwishowe alifanikiwa.)

Unyambulishaji:
Muundo huu daima ni Shina la Kitenzi + -고 말다. Wakati na kiwango cha heshima hutumika kwenye 말다.

  • Wakati uliopita: -고 말았다 / -고 말았어요 / -고 말았습니다
  • Wakati ujao/Nia thabiti: -고 말겠다 / -고 말겠어요 (Inaonyesha nia thabiti, mfano, "Nitafanya hivyo bila shaka...")

Mifano (4)

  1. 비싼 카메라를 떨어뜨려서 깨뜨리고 말았어요.

    I dropped my expensive camera and ended up breaking it.

    Neno kwa neno: Expensive camera dropped and broke and ended up.

    Hii inaonyesha matokeo yasiyokusudiwa na ya kusikitisha. Mzungumzaji hakutaka kuvunja kamera, lakini ilitokea.

  2. 밤을 새워서 공부하다가 결국 잠이 들고 말았어요.

    I was studying all night, but I ended up falling asleep.

    Neno kwa neno: Night staying up and studying, in the end sleep fell and ended up.

    Nia ilikuwa kusoma usiku kucha, lakini matokeo ya mwisho yasiyokusudiwa yalikuwa kulala.

  3. 오랜 노력 끝에 드디어 그 배우는 상을 받고 말았다.

    After a long effort, that actor finally ended up receiving the award.

    Neno kwa neno: Long effort's end, finally that actor an award received and ended up.

    Huu ni mfano wa maana ya 'mafanikio ya mwisho'. Inasisitiza hitimisho la mafanikio baada ya kipindi cha kazi ngumu.

  4. 참으려고 했는데 결국 화를 내고 말았어요.

    I tried to endure it, but in the end, I ended up getting angry.

    Neno kwa neno: To endure I tried but in the end anger let out and ended up.

    Hii inaonyesha matokeo yasiyokusudiwa. Mzungumzaji alijaribu kutokasirika lakini aliishia kufanya hivyo hata hivyo.

Makosa ya kawaida

  • Kutumia -고 말다 kwa vitendo rahisi, vya kila siku, vilivyokusudiwa.

    Maana tofauti저는 어제 숙제를 하고 말았어요.
    저는 어제 숙제를 했어요.

    -고 말다 inaashiria hali maalum, kama ajali au mafanikio makubwa. Kuitumia kwa kitendo rahisi kilichopangwa kama 'kufanya kazi ya nyumbani' inaonekana isiyo ya kawaida, kana kwamba kuifanya ilikuwa kosa au tukio la mwisho la kusisimua. Kwa vitendo vya kawaida vya wakati uliopita, tumia tu wakati uliopita wa kawaida.

Jinsi inavyounganishwa

Jifunze hii kwanza

Miundo inayohusiana

Maneno katika muundo huu

-고 말다말다-고
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