goʻyo
As if: Goʻyo
goʻyo + verb with -dek = as if: goʻyo hech narsa boʻlmagandek (as if nothing had happened). It can also stand alone: Goʻyo tush koʻryapman (It is as if I am dreaming).
How It Works
Use goʻyo when you describe how something looks or feels by comparing it with another situation, usually one that is not really true.
1. goʻyo with -dek or -day
The most common pattern puts goʻyo at the start of the comparison and -dek or -day on the last word of it. Both endings mean the same. On a verb, they attach to a participle:
- boʻlmagandek (as if it had not happened), from -gan
- koʻrayotgandek (as if he were seeing), from -(a)yotgan
- yogʻadigandek (as if it were about to rain), from -(a)digan
U goʻyo hech narsa boʻlmagandek gapirdi (He talked as if nothing had happened).
2. goʻyo on its own
In a sentence that simply describes a feeling or an impression, goʻyo can come without -dek: Goʻyo tush koʻryapman (It is as if I am dreaming). The word itself tells the listener that this is a comparison, not a fact.
3. Where it goes
The as-if part can come before the main verb or after the main clause: Osmon qorayib ketdi, goʻyo hozir yomgʻir yogʻadigandek (The sky went dark, as if it were about to rain). The longer form goʻyoki means the same and sounds a little more bookish. In everyday speech, xuddi often does the same job: xuddi tush koʻrayotgandek.
4. As if versus it seems
goʻyo paints a comparison. When you have real evidence and think something probably did happen, use -ganga oʻxshaydi or shekilli instead.
Examples (6)
- Goʻyo tush koʻryapman.
It is as if I am dreaming.
Word by Word: As-if dream I-am-seeing.
goʻyo alone marks the whole sentence as a comparison.
- U goʻyo hech narsa boʻlmagandek gapirdi.
He talked as if nothing had happened.
Word by Word: He as-if no thing not-having-happened-like talked.
boʻlmagan (had not happened) + -dek.
- Bola menga goʻyo birinchi marta koʻrayotgandek qaradi.
The child looked at me as if he were seeing me for the first time.
Word by Word: Child me-to as-if first time seeing-like looked.
- Kechasi shahar goʻyo uxlab yotgandek jim edi.
At night the city was quiet, as if it were asleep.
Word by Word: At-night city as-if sleeping lying-like quiet was.
- Osmon qorayib ketdi, goʻyo hozir yomgʻir yogʻadigandek.
The sky went dark, as if it were about to rain.
Word by Word: Sky darkening went, as-if now rain about-to-fall-like.
The as-if part can follow the main clause.
- Ular goʻyoki bir-birini tanimaydigandek oʻtib ketishdi.
They walked past as if they did not know each other.
Word by Word: They as-if each-other not-knowing-like passing went.
goʻyoki is a longer form of goʻyo with the same meaning.
Common Mistakes
Putting -dek on a finished past verb in -di.
U goʻyo hech narsa boʻlmadidek gapirdi.U goʻyo hech narsa boʻlmagandek gapirdi.-dek attaches to a participle, not to a full past verb. For something that had already happened, use -gan: boʻlmagan + -dek = boʻlmagandek.
Using goʻyo to say that something probably did happen.
Koʻchalar hoʻl, goʻyo yomgʻir yoqqan.Koʻchalar hoʻl, yomgʻir yoqqanga oʻxshaydi.The speaker means that it probably rained. goʻyo would say the streets only look as if it had rained. For a real guess based on evidence, use -ganga oʻxshaydi or shekilli.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Builds on It Seems That.
Related Patterns
- -dek / -dayLike, As: -dek
The ending that usually closes the as-if part after goʻyo.
Level 3 - shekilliIt Seems
Another way to make a real guess, unlike the pictured comparison of goʻyo.
Level 3 - kabi / singariLike, Such as
Compares one thing with another, like, but without the as-if feeling of goʻyo.
Level 3 - -gan (sifatdosh)The Past Participle -gan
Gives the -gan participle that forms -gandek after goʻyo.
Level 3 - -(a)yotganThe Present Participle -(a)yotgan
Gives the -(a)yotgan participle that forms -(a)yotgandek for an action in progress.
Level 3
Words in This Pattern
Practice goʻyo in Bubblegum
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