Participle with a Pronoun

Level 4

A pronoun before aver makes the participle agree: L'ai vista, Las ai vistas.

How It Works

The pronoun stands for	Participle	Example
him	vist	L'ai vist ièr.
her	vista	L'ai vista a Tolosa.
them (masculine)	legits	Los libres? Los ai legits.
them (feminine)	crompadas	Las fruchas? Las ai crompadas.

Before a vowel, lo and la both become l', so the spelling of the participle is the only sign of gender: L'ai vist (him) and L'ai vista (her).

With a noun after the verb, the participle stays the same: Ai crompat las fruchas. Only the pronoun before the verb triggers agreement. Writers make this agreement in print.

Examples (5)

L'ai vist ièr.
I saw him yesterday.
Vist is masculine, because l' stands for a man.
L'ai vista a Tolosa.
I saw her in Toulouse.
Vista is feminine, because l' stands for a woman.
Las fruchas? Las ai crompadas.
The pieces of fruit? I bought them.
Crompadas agrees with las.
Los libres? Los ai legits.
The books? I have read them.
Legits agrees with los.
Maria? L'ai pas vista ièr.
Maria? I did not see her yesterday.
Pas does not stop the agreement.

Common Mistakes

Not making the participle agree with a pronoun before the verb.
Las fruchas? Las ai crompat.
Las fruchas? Las ai crompadas.
In writing, the participle takes the gender and number of las.
Making the participle agree with a noun after the verb.
Ai crompadas las fruchas.
Ai crompat las fruchas.
A noun after the verb does not change the participle.

How It Connects

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Participle with a PronounLevel 4

Learn This First

The participle agrees with a pronoun in front of it, so the object pronouns and agreement in the compound past with èsser come first.

Words in This Pattern

aver

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