-दछ

The Formal Present

Level 5Sounds Like dacha

The formal present is the written twin of -छ. Newspapers, notices and reports use it.

How It Works

In conversation Nepali speakers say गर्छ, भन्छ, बोल्छ. In formal writing the same verbs often appear as गर्दछ, भन्दछ, बोल्दछ. The meaning is the same; only the register differs.

PersonSpokenFormal written
मगर्छुगर्दछु
हामीगर्छौँगर्दछौँ
ऊगर्छगर्दछ
उनीहरूगर्छन्गर्दछन्

A stem that ends in a vowel nasalizes before the ending: घटाउनु gives घटाउँदछ. The honorific form गर्नुहुन्छ and the negative गर्दैन stay as they are.

Use -दछ for reports, rules, notices and speeches. In a chat with friends it sounds stiff, like a letter read aloud.

Examples (4)

  1. यो संस्थाले विद्यार्थीलाई सहयोग गर्दछ।

    This organization supports students.

    गर्दछ is the written form of गर्छ.

  2. हाम्रो विद्यालय हरेक वर्ष खेलकुद प्रतियोगिता आयोजना गर्दछ।

    Our school holds a sports competition every year.

    The formal present suits a school notice.

  3. यो औषधि ज्वरो घटाउँदछ।

    This medicine lowers fever.

    A vowel stem takes the chandrabindu: घटाउँदछ.

  4. हामी सबै कानुनको सम्मान गर्दछौँ।

    We all respect the law.

    गर्दछौँ is the formal form for हामी.

Common Mistakes

  • Using the third-person form with म.

    म काम गर्दछ।
    म काम गर्दछु।

    -दछ takes the same person endings as -छ, so म needs गर्दछु.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

-दछLevel 5The Formal Present

Learn This First

The formal present replaces -छ with -दछ.