The Table Words

Level 2

Five beginnings and nine endings make 45 words.

How It Works

Ending	ki- asks	ti- points	i- some	ĉi- every	neni- none
-o thing	kio	tio	io	ĉio	nenio
-u one	kiu	tiu	iu	ĉiu	neniu
-e place	kie	tie	ie	ĉie	nenie
-am time	kiam	tiam	iam	ĉiam	neniam

Five more endings complete the table: -a for a kind, -es for belonging, -al for a reason, -el for a manner and -om for an amount. That makes nine endings, and kia, kies, kial, kiel and kiom are the ki- words.

The table has exactly these 45 words. Use it as a map, and learn what each word means in use.

The next topics teach the table one pair at a time, starting with kio and tio.

Examples (4)

Kio estas tio?
What is that?
Ki- asks and ti- points, and both use -o for a thing.
Kie estas la kongreso? Ĝi estas tie, en Pollando.
Where is the congress? It is there, in Poland.
Kie and tie use the ending -e for a place.
Kiu estas tiu? Tiu estas Ana.
Who is that? That is Ana.
Kiu and tiu use the ending -u for one person.
Kiam vi venos? Mi venos morgaŭ.
When will you come? I will come tomorrow.
Kiam uses the ending -am for a time.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

The Table WordsLevel 2

Learn This First

The table words include question words and their relatives, so the overview follows the first kind of question, the ĉu question.

ĉuYes-or-No Questions
Know ĉu questions, since the table words make the other kind of question: every table word is a beginning plus an ending, like ki- plus -o in kio.
Level 1

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Patterns that build on this one.

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