-당하다
Ukuhlupheka, ukubhekana nakho
-당하다 yisijobelelo esinamathiselwa kwamanye amabizo ukuze siwenze abe yizenzi ezingenzi lutho. Kusho ukuthi isihloko 'sihlupheka' noma 'sibhekana' nesenzo sebizo.
Isebenza kanjani
-당하다 yindlela ethile yokwakha isenzo esingenzanga lutho ngesi-Korean. Inamathela ngokuqondile emabizweni athile (ikakhulukazi asuka esi-Sino-Korean) amele isenzo.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko ukukhombisa ukuthi isihloko somusho sithola noma sibhekana nesenzo esichazwe yibizo ngendlela engenzanga lutho. Isici esibalulekile se--당하다 umqondo wayo omubi kakhulu. Kusho ukuthi isenzo asifuneki, asizithandeli, noma siyingozi esihlokweni.
Amabizo ajwayelekile asetshenziswa ne--당하다:
- 거절 (ukwenqaba) → 거절당하다 (ukwenqatshwa)
- 무시 (ukunganakwa) → 무시당하다 (ukunganakwa)
- 사기 (ukukhohlisa) → 사기당하다 (ukukhohliswa)
- 이용 (ukusebenzisa) → 이용당하다 (ukusetshenziswa/ukuxhashazwa)
- 해고 (ukuxoshwa emsebenzini) → 해고당하다 (ukuxoshwa emsebenzini)
- 공격 (ukuhlasela) → 공격당하다 (ukuhlaselwa)
Ukuqhathanisa nezinye izinhlobo ezingenzi lutho:
1. -아/어지다: Lolu wuhlobo olujwayelekile lokwakha isenzo esingenzanga lutho esinamathiselwa ezimpandeni zezenzi. Nakuba -당하다 ikhawulelwe emabizweni athile, -아/어지다 ingasetshenziswa nezinhlobonhlobo zezenzi (isib. 만들다 → 만들어지다 'ukwenziwa').
2. -되다: Lokhu nakho kunamathela emabizweni ukuze kwakheke izenzi ezingenzi lutho (isib. 사용되다 'ukusetshenziswa', 발견되다 'ukutholakala'). Nokho, -되다 ngokuvamile ayithathi hlangothi uma iqhathaniswa nomuzwa omubi we--당하다. Isibonelo, 이용되다 kusho 'ukusetshenziswa' (ayithathi hlangothi), kanti 이용당하다 kusho 'ukuxhashazwa' (okubi).
Izibonelo (4)
- 좋아하는 사람에게 고백했는데 거절당했어요.
I confessed to the person I like, but I was rejected.
Igama ngegama: To the person I like I confessed but was rejected.
거절 (ukwenqaba) + 당하다 kwakha 거절당하다 (ukwenqatshwa), okubonisa ukuthi okhulumayo uhlupheke ngesenzo sokwenqatshwa.
- 회의에서 제 의견이 완전히 무시당했어요.
My opinion was completely ignored in the meeting.
Igama ngegama: In the meeting my opinion was completely ignored.
무시 (ukunganakwa) + 당하다 kuba 무시당하다 (ukunganakwa). Okhulumayo uveza isipiliyoni esibi sokuthi umbono wakhe awunakiwe.
- 그는 친구에게 사기를 당해서 돈을 모두 잃었다.
He was scammed by his friend and lost all his money.
Igama ngegama: He by his friend was scammed so money all lost.
사기 (ukukhohlisa) + 당하다 kwakha 사기당하다 (ukukhohliswa), isenzo esingenzanga lutho esichaza umcimbi omubi.
- 회사 사정이 안 좋아서 갑자기 해고당했어요.
I was suddenly fired because the company's situation isn't good.
Igama ngegama: Company situation is not good so suddenly was fired.
해고 (ukuxoshwa emsebenzini) + 당하다 kwakha 해고당하다 (ukuxoshwa emsebenzini), okubonisa isipiliyoni sokulahlekelwa umsebenzi esingazithandeli nesibi.
Amaphutha avamile
Ukusebenzisa -당하다 namabizo angahambisani nencazelo yayo embi nengenzanga lutho.
그 문제는 드디어 해결당했어요.그 문제는 드디어 해결되었어요.Nakuba zombili zakha izenzi ezingenzi lutho, -당하다 isho ukuhlupheka. 'Ukuxazulula inkinga' (해결) ngokuvamile kuwumcimbi ongathathi hlangothi noma omuhle, ngakho uhlobo olungathathi hlangothi oluthi 해결되다 lwemvelo kakhulu. 해결당하다 kuzwakala sengathi umuntu uhlupheke ngenxa yenkinga exazululiwe.
Ukusebenzisa -당하다 emagameni esi-Korean esintu esikhundleni samabizo esi-Sino-Korean.
도둑에게 모든 돈을 뺏김당했어요.도둑에게 모든 돈을 뺏겼어요.-당하다 inamathela emabizweni athile esenzo esi-Sino-Korean. Esenzweni 'sokuthathwa kwento' (esivela esenzweni esithi 뺏다), uhlobo olungenzanga lutho 뺏기다. Awukwazi ukunamathisela -당하다 efomini elenziwe ibizo elithi 뺏김.
Ihlangana kanjani
Funda lokhu kuqala
Izakhiwo ezihlobene
- -아/어지다Ukuba, Ukuphenduka
Zombili zakha imisho engenzi lutho. Nokho, -아/어지다 wuhlobo olujwayelekile lokwakha imisho engenzi lutho olunamathiselwa ezimpandeni eziningi zezenzi, kanti -당하다 inamathela kuphela emabizweni athile futhi iphethe incazelo enamandla embi 'yokuhlupheka' ngesenzo.
Izinga 3 - 되다Ukuba, Ukuvunyelwa
Njenge--당하다, 되다 inganamathela emabizweni ukuze kwakheke izenzi ezingenzi lutho (isib. 사용되다 - ukusetshenziswa). Umehluko omkhulu umqondo: -당하다 cishe njalo umubi (isib. 이용당하다 - ukuxhashazwa), kanti -되다 ngokuvamile ayithathi hlangothi (isib. 이용되다 - ukusetshenziswa).
Izinga 2 - -시키다Ukwenza Omunye Enze, Ukubangela
-시키다 yisijobelelo esibangela isenzo, okusho 'ukwenza umuntu enze okuthile'. Kuphambene nesenzo esingenzanga lutho esithi -당하다. Isibonelo, 해고시키다 kusho 'ukuxosha umuntu emsebenzini' (ukubangela isenzo), kanti 해고당하다 kusho 'ukuxoshwa emsebenzini' (ukungenzi lutho).
Izinga 3 - -에 의해Nge, ngokusebenzisa, ngokuvumelana ne-
-에 의해 yinhlayiya esho 'ngu' futhi ngokuvamile isetshenziswa emishweni esemthethweni engenzi lutho ukukhombisa umenzeli owenze isenzo. Ingasetshenziswa emishweni enezizenzi ze--당하다, isib. '적에 의해 공격당했다' (wahlaselwa yisitha).
Izinga 4