er mwyn

How It Works

Examples (6)

1. Dw i'n dysgu Cymraeg er mwyn siarad â'r plant.

   I'm learning Welsh so I can speak to the children.

2. Codais i'n gynnar er mwyn dal y trên cyntaf.

   I got up early to catch the first train.

3. Siaradwch yn uchel er mwyn i bawb glywed.

   Speak up so that everyone can hear.

   Pawb softens to bawb after i, and clywed softens to glywed.

4. Arhoson nhw gyda'i gilydd er mwyn y plant.

   They stayed together for the children's sake.

5. Gadawon ni'n gynnar er mwyn peidio â cholli'r bws.

   We left early so as not to miss the bus.

6. Aeth hi i'r siop i brynu bara.

   She went to the shop to buy bread.

   Everyday speech often uses plain i + soft mutation for purpose.

Common Mistakes

• Mutating the verb-noun straight after er mwyn.

  Es i i'r dref er mwyn weld y castell.

  Es i i'r dref er mwyn gweld y castell.

  Er mwyn does not cause mutation. Only a verb-noun after er mwyn i + subject softens.

• Leaving out i before the subject.

  er mwyn fi siarad

  er mwyn i fi siarad

  To add a subject, use er mwyn i + subject + a soft-mutated verb-noun.

How It Connects

Learn This First

Er mwyn (i) expresses purpose with a verb-noun or subject clause.

• i + Subject + Verb-NounFor Someone to Do: I + Subject + Verb-Noun

  Er mwyn i bawb glywed uses an i + subject + verb-noun clause.

  Level 4

Related Patterns

• fel bod / fel ySo That: Fel Bod and Fel Y

  Another way to say "so that".

  Level 5
• rhag ofnIn Case: Rhag Ofn

  Says what you want to avoid: in case.

  Level 5
• paid â / peidiwch âDon't: Paid  and Peidiwch Â

  Peidio â makes a negative purpose.

  Level 2
• ei gilyddEach Other: Ei Gilydd

  Gyda'i gilydd (together) appears in one example.

  Level 4

Words in This Pattern