mynd i / dod o

Going to and Coming from

Level 1

To say where you are going or where you are from, use i (to) and o (from), and soften the place name: i Gaerdydd (to Cardiff), o Fangor (from Bangor).

How It Works

Going to: mynd i + place. Dw i'n mynd i Gaerdydd (Caerdydd), i Fangor (Bangor), i Lundain (Llundain, London), i Gymru (Cymru, Wales), i Ddinbych (Dinbych, Denbigh). A place that starts with a vowel does not change: i Aberystwyth.

Coming from: dod o + place. Dw i'n dod o Fangor (I'm from Bangor), o Gaerdydd, o Lanelli.

With "the": i + y = i'r, and o + y = o'r: i'r dref (to town), i'r ysgol (to school), o'r gwaith (from work), o'r Bala (from Bala, whose Welsh name includes the article: Y Bala). See The Article: Y, Yr and 'r.

Asking where someone is from: O ble dych chi'n dod? or O ble wyt ti'n dod? In the North: O ble dach chi'n dod?, and you may also hear lle for ble. See Basic Question Words.

Names from outside Wales usually stay as they are: Dw i'n dod o Birmingham.

I and o belong to a group of prepositions that all cause soft mutation; see the softening prepositions. Saying where you live uses yn (in), which causes a different change: Dw i'n byw yng Nghaerdydd; see yn + nasal mutation. For "going to do something", see mynd i + verb-noun.

Examples (6)

  1. Dw i'n mynd i Gaerdydd yfory.

    I'm going to Cardiff tomorrow.

    Caerdydd softens to Gaerdydd after i.

  2. Dw i'n dod o Fangor.

    I'm from Bangor.

    Bangor softens to Fangor after o.

  3. Mae hi'n dod o Lundain.

    She's from London.

    Llundain softens to Lundain after o.

  4. Dyn ni'n mynd i'r traeth.

    We're going to the beach.

    I + y = i'r. South: dyn ni. In the North: Dan ni'n mynd i'r traeth.

  5. O ble dych chi'n dod?

    Where are you from?

    North: O ble dach chi'n dod?

  6. Dw i'n dod o Birmingham.

    I'm from Birmingham.

    Place names from outside Wales usually do not mutate.

Common Mistakes

  • Forgetting the soft mutation after i or o.

    Dw i'n mynd i Caerdydd.
    Dw i'n mynd i Gaerdydd.

    I (to) and o (from) cause soft mutation, so Caerdydd becomes Gaerdydd.

  • Writing i y instead of i'r.

    Dw i'n mynd i y dref.
    Dw i'n mynd i'r dref.

    I ends in a vowel, so the article after it is 'r.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

mynd i / dod oLevel 1Going to and Coming from

Learn This First

Going to and coming from places uses bod + yn + verb-noun and soft mutation after i and o.

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Patterns that build on this one.

Words in This Pattern

mynd