bod + wedi + Verb-Noun

The pattern

• Dw i wedi bwyta. I've eaten.
• Wyt ti wedi gorffen? Have you finished?
• Mae hi wedi mynd. She has gone.
• Dyn ni wedi dysgu llawer. We've learnt a lot. (North: Dan ni wedi)
• Maen nhw wedi cyrraedd. They've arrived.

No mutation. The verb-noun after wedi keeps its normal form: wedi mynd, wedi prynu, wedi gweld.

Negatives and questions work just like the present: Dw i ddim wedi gweld y ffilm (I haven't seen the film), Ydy'r trên wedi cyrraedd? (Has the train arrived?). See Present Negatives With Ddim and Present Questions With Bod.

Answers. In the South, answer with the present-tense words: Wyt ti wedi bwyta? Ydw. In the North, do and naddo are also used: Wyt ti wedi bwyta? Do. Both are correct. See Yes and No in the Present and Yes and No in the Past.

Have been. Dw i wedi bod yng Nghymru (I've been to Wales). For have been doing something for a length of time, Welsh uses yn + ers instead; see Since and For: Ers.

Other tenses. Change the bod form: Ro'n i wedi bwyta (I had eaten; see Had Done), Bydda i wedi gorffen (I'll have finished; see Will Have Done).

Wedi as after. In clock times, wedi means past: chwarter wedi naw (quarter past nine). See Telling the Time.