-(i)b bormoq
More and More: -(i)b Bormoq
With a verb in -(i)b, bormoq (to go) says a change goes on and grows: Narxlar oshib bormoqda (Prices keep going up). English often says more and more or -er and -er.
How It Works
This is one of the helper verbs that follow a verb in -(i)b.
1. Building the form
Take the verb stem (the dictionary form without -moq) and add -ib after a consonant or -b after a vowel. Then add the helper verb, which carries the tense and the person:
- osh- → oshib bormoqda (keeps rising)
- qisqar- → qisqarib boradi (gets shorter and shorter)
- yaxshilan- → yaxshilanib boryapti (is getting better)
2. A gradual change
Most often the main verb describes a change: oshmoq (to rise), koʻpaymoq (to increase), kamaymoq (to decrease), qisqarmoq (to get shorter), uzaymoq (to get longer), oʻsmoq (to grow). Many of these are made from adjectives, as shown in verbs of change and -lan and -lash: katta (big) → kattalashmoq (to get bigger).
3. Keep doing it as you go
With other verbs, bormoq means doing something regularly as time moves on: xarajatlarni yozib bormoq (to keep a record of expenses), oʻrganib bormoq (to keep learning bit by bit).
4. Which forms
-(i)b bormoqda is typical of news: Narxlar oshib bormoqda. In speech you hear -(i)b boryapti. The present-future -(i)b boradi describes what usually happens, and -(i)b borardi what kept happening in the past.
5. Going somewhere
With verbs of carrying, bormoq keeps its own meaning: olib bormoq (to take there).
6. bormoq or kelmoq?
-(i)b kelmoq looks back: it has been going on up to now. -(i)b bormoq follows a change as it grows.
Examples (6)
- Narxlar oshib bormoqda.
Prices keep going up.
Word by Word: Prices rising are-going.
- Kuzda kunlar qisqarib boradi.
In autumn the days get shorter and shorter.
Word by Word: Autumn-in days shortening go.
- Shahar yildan yilga kattalashib bormoqda.
The city is growing bigger year by year.
Word by Word: City year-from year-to getting-bigger is-going.
- Oʻzbek tilim asta-sekin yaxshilanib boryapti.
My Uzbek is slowly getting better.
Word by Word: Uzbek language-my slowly improving going-is.
- U har kuni xarajatlarini daftarga yozib borardi.
Every day he wrote down his expenses in a notebook.
Word by Word: He every day expenses-his-(object) notebook-to writing would-go.
Here bormoq means doing it regularly as time goes on.
- Mehmonlarni mehmonxonaga olib bordim.
I took the guests to the hotel.
Word by Word: Guests-(object) hotel-to taking went-I.
With a verb of carrying, bormoq keeps its own meaning: to go there.
Common Mistakes
Putting an adjective before bormoq instead of a verb.
Kunlar qisqa boryapti.Kunlar qisqarib boryapti.Bormoq needs a verb in its -(i)b form. The adjective qisqa (short) must become the verb qisqarmoq (to get shorter) first.
Putting the tense ending on the main verb as well.
Narxlar oshdi bormoqda.Narxlar oshib bormoqda.The main verb stays in its -(i)b form. Only bormoq takes the tense and the person.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Builds on Has Been Doing: -(i)b kelmoq and The Formal Present Continuous -moqda.
Related Patterns
- Helper Verb Constructions: -(i)b / -aHelper Verbs After -(i)b and -a
The family of helper verbs that bormoq belongs to.
Level 3 - -(a)y / -arVerbs of Change: -(a)y and -ar
Makes many of the change verbs used here: koʻpaymoq, qisqarmoq.
Level 5 - -lan / -lashBecoming and Doing Together: -lan and -lash
Makes more change verbs: kattalashmoq, yaxshilanmoq.
Level 5 - -(i)bLinking Actions with -(i)b
The linking form the main verb takes before bormoq.
Level 3
Words in This Pattern
Practice -(i)b bormoq in Bubblegum
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