Participle Phrases in Formal Writing
членот што е наведен погоре → горенаведениот член (the above-mentioned article) · мостот што е изграден неодамна → новоизградениот мост (the newly built bridge)
How It Works
From clause to phrase. Everyday Macedonian describes a noun with a relative clause: документот што е приложен (the document that is attached). Formal writing shortens it to a verbal adjective before the noun: приложениот документ. The verbal adjective behaves like any adjective: приложениот документ, приложената фотографија, приложените документи.
Compounds with an adverb. Official texts join a short adverb to the verbal adjective and write them as one word:
- горенаведен — mentioned above: горенаведениот член
- гореспоменат — mentioned above: гореспоменатиот документ
- долунаведен — listed below: долунаведените услови
- долупотпишан — undersigned: Јас, долупотпишаниот, изјавувам ...
- новоизграден — newly built: новоизградениот мост
The article goes on the first word. As with any adjective, the article attaches to the verbal adjective, not to the noun (see членот на првиот збор): горенаведениот член. The verbal adjective can also stand alone as a noun: горенаведените (the persons mentioned above), долупотпишаниот (the undersigned).
Longer phrases follow the noun. When the verbal adjective has its own details, the whole phrase comes after the noun: барањето поднесено до општината (the request submitted to the municipality), документите издадени од министерството (the documents issued by the ministry). The од phrase names the doer, as in пасив: сум + глаголска придавка + од. In speech, a relative clause is more usual: барањето што го поднесовте (the request you submitted).
What has been done. These phrases describe what has been done to something. Macedonian has no everyday participle for a person doing something, so it uses a clause instead: лицето што го поднесува барањето (the person submitting the request).
Examples (6)
- Горенаведениот член се применува од 1 јануари.
The above-mentioned article applies from 1 January.
Word by Word: Above-mentioned-the article self applies from 1 January.
- Ве молиме, пополнете го приложениот формулар.
Please fill in the attached form.
Word by Word: You we-ask, fill-in it attached-the form.
- Новоизградениот мост ќе биде отворен во мај.
The newly built bridge will open in May.
Word by Word: Newly-built-the bridge will be opened in May.
- Барањето поднесено до општината е одобрено.
The request submitted to the municipality has been approved.
Word by Word: Request-the submitted to municipality-the is approved.
The phrase поднесено до општината is long, so it follows the noun.
- Се повикуваат долунаведените кандидати на интервју.
The candidates listed below are invited to an interview.
Word by Word: Self invite below-listed-the candidates to interview.
- Јас, долупотпишаниот, изјавувам дека податоците се точни.
I, the undersigned, declare that the information is correct.
Word by Word: I, undersigned-the, declare that data-the are correct.
Common Mistakes
Putting the article on the noun instead of the verbal adjective.
Горенаведен членот се применува од 1 јануари.Горенаведениот член се применува од 1 јануари.The article goes on the first word of the phrase, here the verbal adjective.
Forgetting to make the verbal adjective agree.
Горенаведениот одлука е конечна.Горенаведената одлука е конечна.Одлука is feminine, so the verbal adjective takes the feminine article -ата.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Participle phrases combine the verbal adjective and the article.
Related Patterns
- The Article on the First Word
The article attaches to the verbal adjective because it is the first word of the phrase.
Level 2 - сум + Verbal AdjectiveStates with Сум
Горенаведениот член is a shortened form of членот што е наведен горе.
Level 3 - сум + Verbal Adjective + одThe Passive with Од
A phrase such as издадени од министерството is a shortened passive with од.
Level 4 - Noun-Based Formal Style
Participle phrases and verbal nouns together make up the dense official style.
Level 6 - се врши / е извршеноAdministrative Passive
Official texts combine these phrases with passive sentences.
Level 6
Words in This Pattern
Practice Participle Phrases in Formal Writing in Bubblegum
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