дури и / дури и да
Even and Even if
Дури и = even: Дури и децата го знаат тоа. (Even the children know that.) Дури и да = even if: Нема да се откажам дури и да не успеам. (I will not give up even if I do not succeed.)
How It Works
1. Дури и: even. Place it right before the surprising part:
- Дури и децата го знаат тоа. (Even the children know that.)
- Работи дури и во недела. (He works even on Sunday.)
- Дури и јас можам да го направам ова. (Even I can do this.)
2. Дури и да: even if. The clause names a condition that will not change the result: Нема да се откажам дури и да не успеам. Дури и да дојдеш, нема да ме најдеш дома. A perfective present such as успеам or дојдеш is normal after да.
Things that did not happen. For an unreal situation, use the imperfect after да: Дури и да знаев, немаше да ти кажам. (Even if I had known, I would not have told you.) See да and ако with the imperfect. Do not use the aorist in this да clause.
Similar forms. И да alone also means "even if": И да не дојдеш, тие ќе одат. Дури и ако is common too: дури и ако врне. For "however much", see колку и да, and for "whatever" and "wherever", see кој и да, што и да and каде и да.
Дури on its own has other uses, such as "as far as" and "not until": Дури вчера го добив писмото. (I only got the letter yesterday.) Adding и gives the clear meaning "even". More emphasis words are in барем, дури, баш and токму.
Examples (5)
- Дури и децата го знаат тоа.
Even the children know that.
Word by Word: Even and children-the it know that.
- Работи дури и во недела.
He works even on Sunday.
Word by Word: Works even and on Sunday.
- Нема да се откажам дури и да не успеам.
I will not give up even if I do not succeed.
Word by Word: Not-will to myself give-up even and to not succeed.
- Дури и да дојдеш, нема да ме најдеш дома.
Even if you come, you will not find me at home.
Word by Word: Even and to you-come, not-will to me find home.
- Дури и да знаев, немаше да ти кажам.
Even if I had known, I would not have told you.
Word by Word: Even and to knew, not-had to to-you tell.
The imperfect знаев shows that this did not really happen.
Common Mistakes
Using the aorist after дури и да.
Дури и да дојдов порано, немаше да го фатам возот.Дури и да дојдев порано, немаше да го фатам возот.Do not use the aorist (дојдов) in an "even if" clause with да. For a past situation that did not happen, use the imperfect of the verb: дојдев.
Leaving out дури и when you mean "even if".
Нема да се откажам ако не успеам. (meaning: I will not give up even if I do not succeed.)Нема да се откажам дури и да не успеам.With plain ако the sentence only says "if I do not succeed". Дури и да shows that failing would still not change your decision.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Even and even if combine concession and conditions.
Related Patterns
- да / ако + ImperfectUnreal Conditions
The imperfect after да describes a situation that did not happen, also inside дури и да.
Level 4 - колку и даNo Matter How Much
Another "no matter" clause: however much.
Level 5 - кој и да / што и да / каде и даWhoever and Whatever
The same и да pattern gives whoever, whatever and wherever.
Level 4 - макар што / и покрај тоа штоEven Though and Despite the Fact
These introduce a real obstacle; дури и да introduces a possible one.
Level 4 - барем / дури / баш / токмуEmphasis Particles
Covers дури and other emphasis particles in more detail.
Level 5
Words in This Pattern
Practice дури и / дури и да in Bubblegum
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