baik ... maupun ...

In formal Indonesian (Bahasa Baku), baik ... maupun ... is used to coordinate elements with equal weight.

1. Parallelism:
Give the coordinated elements parallel grammatical roles. Matching noun phrases or matching adverbials is a clear model; shared material may be understood rather than repeated word for word.

• Nouns: Baik ayah maupun ibu... (Both father and mother...)
• Adjectives: ...baik besar maupun kecil. (...both big and small.)
• Prepositions: Baik di kantor maupun di rumah... (Both at the office and at home...)

2. Standalone 'Maupun':
In formal writing, maupun can function as a standalone coordinating conjunction without the initial baik. For example: Mahasiswa maupun dosen hadir dalam rapat. (Both students and lecturers were present in the meeting.)

3. Avoiding Non-Standard Hybrids:
For the inclusive paired model, do not substitute ataupun or atau for maupun. For the formal inclusive paired model taught here, choose baik ... maupun .... Atau instead presents alternatives, so replacing it can also change the intended meaning.

4. Multiple Items:
While usually used for two items, it can handle more. In this case, baik precedes the first item, and maupun precedes the final item: Baik A, B, maupun C.

5. Negative Contexts:
When used with a negation like tidak or bukan, a reading such as neither ... nor ... is possible when the negative predicate applies to each included member. The conjunction itself remains inclusive; interpret the scope of the whole sentence.

6. Register:
This pattern is common in formal descriptions and also occurs in speech. You will see it in news, textbooks, and speeches. In casual conversation, speakers typically drop the baik construction entirely, using dan (and) or sama instead. The construction baik ... atau ... does not supply the formal inclusive pairing taught here; discuss other intended readings in their own context.

Meaning and Parallelism: Baik saya maupun dia akan pergi includes both people. Saya atau dia akan pergi presents alternatives. These are different intended messages, not a reason to change every conversational alternative into both. For clear parallel manner phrases, write baik secara lisan maupun secara tertulis; a shorter phrase may leave shared material understood, so assess its full context before calling it a syntax error.