estas + Participle in -inta

Has Done: Estas and -inta

Level 4

The first verb sets the time, and -inta says the action was already over.

How It Works

Form	Meaning
Ŝi estas veninta.	She has come, and the coming is over.
Ŝi estis veninta.	She had come before some moment in the past.
Ŝi estos veninta.	She will have come before some moment in the future.

The first verb gives the moment, and -inta says the action came before it. The participle works like an adjective after estas, so it takes -j with a plural subject: Ni estos finintaj.

You often do not need this form. A simple verb with jam (already) or antaŭe (before) can show the order: Kiam mi venis, li jam foriris. Choose estis foririnta when you want to make clear that the leaving came first. Jam alone is not always enough: Ili jam manĝis, kiam mi alvenis can mean that they had begun to eat or that they had finished.

Esperanto has no form with havi and a participle. English "I have said" becomes a simple verb, or estas with a participle.

Examples (3)

Kiam Lucia alvenis al la stacidomo, la trajno jam estis foririnta.
When Lucia reached the station, the train had already left.
Estis foririnta shows that the leaving came before her arrival.
Morgaŭ vespere ni estos finintaj la laboron.
Tomorrow evening we will have finished the work.
Estos finintaj looks back from a moment in the future, and finintaj agrees with ni.
En la kongreso Ana ne rekonis Pedron, ĉar ŝi neniam estis vidinta lin.
At the congress Ana did not recognize Pedro, because she had never seen him.
Her never seeing him came before the meeting, so estis vidinta fits.

Common Mistakes

Using havas with a participle, as English does with "have".
Ana havas veturinta al Japanio.
Ana veturis al Japanio.
Esperanto has no form with havas and a participle. Use the simple past, or build the form with estas: Ana estas veturinta al Japanio.
Leaving -j off the participle after a plural subject.
Ni estos fininta la laboron.
Ni estos finintaj la laboron.
The participle agrees with the subject like an adjective after estas, so ni needs finintaj.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

estas + Participle in -intaLevel 4Has Done: Estas and -inta

Learn This First

Estas with -inta looks back at a finished action.

Learn Next

Patterns that build on this one.

se + estus + Participle in -intaIf I Had KnownLevel 5

Practice estas + Participle in -inta in Bubblegum

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