-o

Nouns End in -o

Level 1

Nouns end in -o, every time.

How It Works

A noun is the name of a thing, a person, an animal, a place or an idea. In Esperanto every noun ends in -o.

RootNounMeaning
librlibrobook
katkatocat
domdomohouse
amikamikofriend
urburbocity

The same ending names ideas and actions too, such as amo (love) and kuro (a run).

Many nouns for people do not say if the person is a man or a woman. Amiko can be either, and you add -in- when you want to show a woman: amikino. A few nouns, such as patro (father), are male by their meaning. Names of people may keep their own spelling, as in Ana, Kenji and Ewa.

Examples (4)

  1. Ana havas katon.

    Ana has a cat.

    Kato is a noun: the root kat plus -o.

  2. Pedro havas amikon en Tokio.

    Pedro has a friend in Tokyo.

    Amiko is a noun for a person; here it has the object ending -n.

  3. Parizo estas granda urbo.

    Paris is a big city.

    Parizo and urbo are nouns, and both end in -o.

  4. Ewa legas libron.

    Ewa reads a book.

    Libron is the noun libro with the object ending -n after the -o.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

-oLevel 1Nouns End in -o

Learn This First

The noun ending is the first ending to learn, once you have seen that endings show the word type.

Learn Next

Patterns that build on this one.