اگر … کرده باشیم
Finished Events Under Conditions
The main clause is an ordinary present, a command or a possibility.
How It Works
The plain subjunctive after اگر looks ahead at an event. The perfect subjunctive looks at the same event from a later time, when it is done. Planners and teachers use it for deadlines.
| Event | Dari | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Finished by a time | اگر تا شب نامه را نوشته باشی | if you have written the letter by tonight |
| Not finished | اگر تا ساعت هشت نرسیده باشند | if they have not arrived by eight |
The participle comes from the past stem (see The Past Participle). Put ن in front of it for a negative: نرسیده باشند. The word تا before the time makes the deadline clear.
The main clause uses a present verb that points to the future (می‌رویم), a command (بدهید) or a possibility (می‌توانی). The situation is still open, so the main clause looks ahead.
Where to meet it: plans, rules and exams. For example: اگر تا ساعت دو بجه درخواست را نوشته باشید، آن را به دفتر بدهید (if you have written the request by two o’clock, hand it to the office).
Examples (5)
- اگر تا شب نامه را نوشته باشی، فردا آن را با پست می‌فرستیم.
If you have written the letter by tonight, we'll send it by post tomorrow.
نوشته باشی says the writing is done by tonight.
- اگر تا جمعه کار را تمام کرده باشیم، به باغ بابر می‌رویم.
If we have finished the work by Friday, we'll go to Babur's Garden.
The participle کرده and باشیم follow the object کار.
- اگر مهمان‌ها تا ساعت هشت بجه نرسیده باشند، شام را بدون آن‌ها می‌خوریم.
If the guests haven't arrived by eight o'clock, we'll eat dinner without them.
The negative ن goes on the participle: نرسیده باشند.
- اگر داکتر صاحب نسخه را نوشته باشد، می‌توانی دوا را از دواخانه بگیری.
If the doctor has written the prescription, you can get the medicine from the pharmacy.
The main clause gives a possibility: می‌توانی.
- اگر تا آن وقت باران بند شده باشد، به میله می‌رویم.
If the rain has stopped by then, we'll go on the picnic.
بند شده باشد says the stopping is finished by that time.
Common Mistakes
Leaving out باشیم after the participle.
اگر تا فردا کار را تمام کرده، به پغمان می‌رویم.اگر تا فردا کار را تمام کرده باشیم، به پغمان می‌رویم.The participle needs the subjunctive of بودن after it, in the right person.
How It Connects
Learn This First
It joins a condition with the perfect subjunctive.
Related Patterns
Words in This Pattern
Practice اگر … کرده باشیم in Bubblegum
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