باید … باشد
Saying Something Must Be True
To guess that something has not happened, put the negative on the participle: باید نرسیده باشد.
How It Works
باید has two jobs. With the present subjunctive it means a need: باید بروم, I must go (see Must and Must Not). With a participle and باشد it means I am almost sure. The first looks forward. The second looks back at what already happened, or at a state that holds now.
| Person | Ending | Example |
|---|---|---|
| من | باشم | باید رسیده باشم |
| تو | باشی | باید رسیده باشی |
| او | باشد | باید رسیده باشد |
| ما | باشیم | باید رسیده باشیم |
| شما | باشید | باید رسیده باشید |
| آن‌ها | باشند | باید رسیده باشند |
The verb stays in the subjunctive. It never changes to است in this pattern.
A state word can stand in place of the participle, for a guess about now: کتابخانه حالا باید باز باشد (the library must be open now). For a guess that something did not happen, the ن goes on the participle: باید هنوز نرسیده باشد (he must not have arrived yet).
Examples (5)
- احمد باید تا حالا به کندز رسیده باشد.
Ahmad must have reached Kunduz by now.
The participle رسیده plus باشد gives a firm guess about the past.
- مریم هنوز نیامده است؛ باید موترش خراب شده باشد.
Maryam hasn't come yet; her car must have broken down.
خراب شده باشد guesses at the reason for what we see.
- شما باید از سفر خیلی خسته شده باشید.
You must be very tired from the trip.
The ending باشید goes with شما.
- کتابخانه حالا باید باز باشد، چون ساعت ده بجه شده است.
The library must be open now, because it is already ten o’clock.
Here a state word, باز, stands before باشد for a guess about now.
- داکتر صاحب باید هنوز از شفاخانه نرفته باشد، چون موترش اینجا است.
The doctor must not have left the hospital yet, because his car is here.
The negative ن goes on the participle: نرفته باشد.
Common Mistakes
Using است after باید.
احمد باید به کندز رسیده است.احمد باید به کندز رسیده باشد.After باید the verb is in the subjunctive, so it is باشد and never است.
How It Connects
Learn This First
The pattern uses باید and the subjunctive of be.
Related Patterns
- The Perfect Subjunctive
It uses the same perfect subjunctive form.
Level 4 - Should Have Done
It uses باید with the past tense for something that should have happened.
Level 4 - Maybe With شاید
شاید gives a softer guess and takes the subjunctive.
Level 3 - احتمالاً و ظاهراًProbably and Apparently
These adverbs give a guess without a subjunctive.
Level 5
Words in This Pattern
Practice باید … باشد in Bubblegum
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