-एव

Past with तुम: -एव

Level 2Sounds Like ēva

With तुम, the past ends in -एव.

How It Works

तुम is the everyday "you". Its past ending is -एव, for a man or a woman.

Stemतुम
कहकहेव
देखदेखेव
करकिहेव
जागएव
आआएव

It is the same shape as the हम ending -एन. Only the last sound changes: हम कहेन, तुम कहेव.

The verb to be uses it as well: तुम घरे रहेव (you were at home). For तू, a closer friend, the ending is -इस, and for आप it is -इन with an object (आप कहिन), or गए and आए without one.

Examples (5)

  1. आजु तुम का किहेव?

    What did you do today?

    किहेव is the तुम form of करब.

  2. तुम कब आएव?

    When did you come?

    आएव is आ plus -एव.

  3. तुम खाना खाएव का?

    Did you eat?

    खाएव is खा plus -एव.

  4. तुम चीठी पढ़ेव?

    Did you read the letter?

    पढ़ेव is पढ़ plus -एव.

  5. तुम काल्हि कहाँ गएव?

    Where did you go yesterday?

    Go uses गएव with तुम.

Common Mistakes

  • Using the third-person form with तुम.

    तुम का किहिस?
    तुम का किहेव?

    तुम needs -एव.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

-एवLevel 2Past with तुम: -एव

Learn This First

-एव is the तुम ending, and the example uses the stem किह-.

Learn Next

Patterns that build on this one.