-나 (대조)

Lakini, Hata Hivyo

Kiwango 4Inasikika kama na

-나 ni kiambishi tamati kinachotumiwa kuunganisha vishazi viwili vyenye uhusiano wa kulinganisha. Kishazi cha kwanza kinawasilisha ukweli, na kishazi cha pili kinawasilisha matokeo yasiyotarajiwa au yanayopingana.

Jinsi unavyofanya kazi

-(으)나 ni kiambishi tamati rasmi kinachoonyesha mgongano au upinzani kati ya vishazi viwili. Kinafanya kazi sawa na 'lakini', 'hata hivyo', au 'ingawa' katika Kiingereza. Kishazi cha kwanza, kinachoishia na -(으)나, kinatoa taarifa inayokubalika kama kweli (kukubali), lakini kishazi cha pili kinaleta matokeo au hali inayopingana na kile ambacho mtu anaweza kutarajia kutoka kwa kishazi cha kwanza.

Unyambulishaji:

  • Vitenzi/Vivumishi vinavyoishia na irabu au ㄹ: Shina + 나
    - 가다 (kwenda) → 가나 (anaenda, lakini...)
    - 예쁘다 (kuwa mrembo) → 예쁘나 (ni mrembo, lakini...)
    - 만들다 (kutengeneza) → 만드나 (anatengeneza, lakini...)
  • Vitenzi/Vivumishi vinavyoishia na konsonanti: Shina + 으나
    - 먹다 (kula) → 먹으나 (anakula, lakini...)
    - 좋다 (kuwa mzuri) → 좋으나 (ni mzuri, lakini...)
  • Wakati uliopita: Unganisha kwenye shina la wakati uliopita -았/었- + 으나
    - 먹었다 (alikula) → 먹었으나 (alikula, lakini...)
    - 공부했다 (alisoma) → 공부했으나 (alisoma, lakini...)

Ulinganisho na aina nyingine za kulinganisha:

  • dhidi ya -지만: Zote zinamaanisha 'lakini'. -(으)나 ni rasmi zaidi na ya kifasihi. -지만 ni umbo la kawaida, linaloweza kutumika katika mazungumzo ya kila siku na maandishi.
  • dhidi ya -ㄴ/는데: -ㄴ/는데 inaweza kuonyesha mgongano, lakini mara nyingi ni laini zaidi na hutumiwa kutoa taarifa za usuli. -(으)나 inawasilisha mgongano wa moja kwa moja na mkali zaidi.

Kwa sababu ya sauti yake rasmi na ngumu kidogo, -(으)나 haitumiki sana katika mazungumzo ya kawaida.

Mifano (5)

  1. 그 옷은 디자인이 예쁘나 가격이 너무 비싸다.

    That dress has a pretty design, but the price is too expensive.

    Neno kwa neno: That clothing's design is pretty but price is too expensive.

  2. 여러 번 전화했으나 아무도 받지 않았다.

    I called several times, but nobody answered.

    Neno kwa neno: Several times I called but nobody received.

  3. 그는 나이는 어리나 생각이 깊다.

    He is young, but he is thoughtful (deep in thought).

    Neno kwa neno: He age is young but thought is deep.

  4. 비는 그쳤으나 바람은 계속 불고 있다.

    The rain has stopped, but the wind is still blowing.

    Neno kwa neno: Rain stopped but wind continuously is blowing.

  5. 최선을 다했으나 결과는 좋지 않았다.

    I did my best, but the result was not good.

    Neno kwa neno: Best effort I did but result was not good.

Makosa ya kawaida

  • Kutumia -(으)나 katika mazungumzo ya kawaida ya kila siku.

    Maana tofauti나 어제 숙제했으나 너무 어려웠어.
    나 어제 숙제했는데 너무 어려웠어. / 나 어제 숙제했지만 너무 어려웠어.

    -(으)나 ni rasmi sana kwa mazungumzo ya kawaida kati ya marafiki. Katika hali kama hizo, -ㄴ/는데 au -지만 ni ya asili na inayofaa zaidi.

Jinsi inavyounganishwa

Jifunze hii kwanza

Miundo inayohusiana

Maneno katika muundo huu

-나
Fanya mazoezi ya -나 (대조) ndani ya BubblegumPoppy, mwalimu wako wa AI, anaandika masomo ya Kikorea kulingana na kiwango chako. Gusa kipengele chochote cha sarufi kwenye somo ili kuona maelezo yake kamili.