전에
Before
전에 means 'before'. Use it after a noun (Noun + 전에) or a verb (Verb Stem + -기 전에) to talk about something that happens before that noun (event) or action.
එය ක්රියා කරන ආකාරය
전에 is used to indicate that one action happens before another. The overall tense of the sentence is determined by the final verb, not the verb that comes before 전에.
There are two main ways to use it:
1. Noun + 전에
This is used when the point of reference is a noun, often an event or a period of time.
- 식사 전에 (before the meal)
- 수업 전에 (before class)
- 1년 전에 (1 year ago)
2. Verb Stem + -기 전에
To use 전에 with a verb, you must first change the verb into a noun form by attaching the nominalizer -기 to the verb stem.
- 먹다 → 먹기 전에 (before eating)
- 가다 → 가기 전에 (before going)
- 공부하다 → 공부하기 전에 (before studying)
The structure is: [Action B]-기 전에 [Action A].
This means that Action A happens before Action B. For example, in '자기 전에 책을 읽어요' (I read a book before sleeping), reading the book (Action A) happens first, and sleeping (Action B) happens second.
උදාහරණ (5)
- 식사 전에 손을 씻으세요.
Please wash your hands before the meal.
වචනයෙන් වචනය: Meal before hands wash (please).
- 수업 전에 커피를 마셨어요.
I drank coffee before class.
වචනයෙන් වචනය: Class before coffee drank.
- 자기 전에 책을 읽어요.
I read a book before sleeping.
වචනයෙන් වචනය: Sleeping before book read.
자다 (to sleep) becomes 자기 by adding -기.
- 한국에 오기 전에 한국어를 공부했어요.
I studied Korean before coming to Korea.
වචනයෙන් වචනය: Korea to coming before Korean studied.
- 영화를 보기 전에 팝콘을 샀어요.
I bought popcorn before watching the movie.
වචනයෙන් වචනය: Movie watching before popcorn bought.
පොදු වැරදි
Using past tense on the verb before 전에.
한국에 왔기 전에 한국어를 공부했어요.한국에 오기 전에 한국어를 공부했어요.The verb before 전에 should always be in its dictionary stem form + -기. The tense of the entire sentence is indicated by the final verb (공부했어요).
Forgetting to add -기 to a verb stem.
자다 전에 책을 읽어요.자기 전에 책을 읽어요.전에 must attach to a noun. To use it with a verb, you must first turn the verb into a noun form using the -기 ending.
අදාළ රටා
- 후에/뒤에පසුව, පසුව
This is the direct opposite of 전에, meaning 'after'. They are a fundamental pair for describing the sequence of events. (e.g., 식사 전에 'before the meal' vs. 식사 후에 'after the meal').
මට්ටම 1 - -기නාමකරණය
This is the nominalizer required to use 전에 with verbs. It changes a verb into a noun (e.g., 먹다 → 먹기), allowing 전에 to attach to it.
මට්ටම 2 - -ㄴ 다음에/후에
Similar to 후에/뒤에, this also means 'after doing' an action. It's a common alternative to V-고 나서 or V-은 후에 for sequencing actions.
මට්ටම 3 - 때කාලය, අතරතුර
While 전에 means 'before', 때 means 'when' or 'at the time of'. It's another crucial time expression. Compare: '밥 먹기 전에' (before eating) vs. '밥 먹을 때' (when eating).
මට්ටම 2