-noma / -shunos

Documents and Specialists: -noma, -shunos

Level 5

-noma makes a document: taklif (invitation) → taklifnoma (invitation card). -shunos makes an expert: til (language) → tilshunos (linguist).

How It Works

1. -noma: papers and documents

  • taklif (invitation) → taklifnoma (invitation card)
  • tabrik (congratulation) → tabriknoma (greeting card)
  • guvoh (witness) → guvohnoma (certificate, ID): haydovchilik guvohnomasi (driving licence)
  • maʼlumot (information) → maʼlumotnoma (official certificate, reference)
  • yoʻriq (guidance) → yoʻriqnoma (instructions, manual)
  • soʻrov (question, survey) → soʻrovnoma (questionnaire)

Some famous old books have -noma names too, such as Boburnoma, the memoirs of Babur.

2. -shunos: experts

  • til (language) → tilshunos (linguist)
  • tarix (history) → tarixshunos (historian)
  • adabiyot (literature) → adabiyotshunos (literary scholar)
  • huquq (law) → huquqshunos (lawyer, legal scholar)
  • sharq (the East) → sharqshunos (orientalist)

3. The field: -shunoslik
Add -lik for the subject itself: tilshunoslik (linguistics), adabiyotshunoslik (literary studies), huquqshunoslik (law as a subject).

4. Spelling and endings
The official spelling rules write these words as one piece: taklifnoma, not taklif noma. A -noma word ends in a vowel, so it takes -si and -m: guvohnomasi (his certificate), guvohnomam (my certificate). A -shunos word takes endings like any noun: tilshunoslar (linguists), tilshunosman (I am a linguist). Like the Persian endings -kor, -dor and -gar, they are fixed in the words you meet.

Examples (6)

  1. Toʻyga taklifnoma oldik.

    We received an invitation to the wedding.

    Word by Word: Wedding-to invitation took-we.

  2. Haydovchilik guvohnomangizni koʻrsating.

    Please show your driving licence.

    Word by Word: Driver-ship certificate-your-(object) show-(polite).

  3. Bank bizdan ish joyidan maʼlumotnoma soʻradi.

    The bank asked us for a certificate from our workplace.

    Word by Word: Bank us-from work place-its-from certificate asked.

  4. Opam tilshunos, u turkiy tillarni oʻrganadi.

    My older sister is a linguist; she studies the Turkic languages.

    Word by Word: Sister-my linguist, she Turkic languages-(object) studies.

  5. Tarixshunoslar bu shaharni ikki ming yillik deb hisoblaydi.

    Historians believe this city is two thousand years old.

    Word by Word: Historians this city-(object) two thousand year-of saying count.

  6. Men universitetning huquqshunoslik fakultetida oʻqiyman.

    I study at the university's law faculty.

    Word by Word: I university-of law-studies faculty-its-at study-I.

Common Mistakes

  • Using the expert word for the subject (meant: I am studying linguistics).

    Men tilshunosni oʻrganyapman.
    Men tilshunoslikni oʻrganyapman.

    Tilshunos is a person, a linguist. The subject adds -lik: tilshunoslik.

  • Writing the two parts apart.

    Doʻstim menga tabrik noma yubordi.
    Doʻstim menga tabriknoma yubordi.

    The spelling rules write -noma words as one word: tabriknoma, taklifnoma.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

-noma / -shunosLevel 5Documents and Specialists: -noma, -shunos

Learn This First

Builds on Places With -xona and Doers and Owners: -kor, -dor, -gar.