-dan iborat

Consisting of

Level 5

-dan iborat means consists of or is made up of. Put the parts in the -dan case: Guruh oʻn kishidan iborat (The group consists of ten people).

How It Works

The basic sentence. The whole is the subject, the parts take -dan, and iborat ends the sentence:

  • Oilamiz toʻrt kishidan iborat. (Our family consists of four people.)
  • Suv vodorod va kisloroddan iborat. (Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.)

When several parts are listed, usually only the last one takes -dan.

Numbers. After a number the noun stays singular, as usual with numbers: uch xonadan iborat (made up of three rooms).

Tense. In the present, iborat needs no verb. For the past, add edi: iborat edi (consisted of). For the future or a general rule, use iborat boʻladi. Before a noun you can say iborat or iborat boʻlgan: oʻn kishidan iborat (boʻlgan) guruh (a group of ten people).

What a task comes down to. With an -ish noun, iborat tells what a job or task is: Mening vazifam bolalarga yordam berishdan iborat (My job is to help children).

The negative uses emas: Bu ish faqat shundan iborat emas (This job is not only that).

Examples (6)

  1. Guruh oʻn kishidan iborat.

    The group consists of ten people.

    Word by Word: Group ten person-from consisting.

  2. Bizning oila toʻrt kishidan iborat.

    Our family consists of four people.

    Word by Word: Our family four person-from consisting.

  3. Imtihon ikki qismdan iborat: yozma va ogʻzaki.

    The exam consists of two parts: written and oral.

    Word by Word: Exam two part-from consisting: written and oral.

  4. Nonushtamiz non, pishloq va choydan iborat edi.

    Our breakfast consisted of bread, cheese and tea.

    Word by Word: Breakfast-our bread, cheese and tea-from consisting was.

    As usual in a list, only the last item takes -dan.

  5. Oʻn kishidan iborat guruh togʻga chiqdi.

    A group of ten people climbed the mountain.

    Word by Word: Ten person-from consisting group mountain-to went-up.

    Iborat can stand before a noun like an adjective.

  6. Mening vazifam bolalarga yordam berishdan iborat.

    My job is to help children.

    Word by Word: My task-my children-to help giving-from consisting.

    With an -ish noun, iborat tells what a job comes down to.

Common Mistakes

  • Using -ga instead of -dan.

    Guruh oʻn kishiga iborat.
    Guruh oʻn kishidan iborat.

    Iborat always takes the parts in the -dan case.

  • Making the noun plural after a number.

    Oilamiz toʻrt kishilardan iborat.
    Oilamiz toʻrt kishidan iborat.

    After a number, the noun stays singular.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

-dan iboratLevel 5Consisting of

Learn This First

Builds on From: -dan and There Is.

Words in This Pattern

iborat