Intransitive and Transitive Verbs
Look at the verb and its participants, not just the number of words in the sentence. A place or time phrase is not automatically a direct object.
How It Works
In بچہ سو رہا ہے, the child sleeps and there is no direct object. Adding a place, as in بچہ کمرے میں سو رہا ہے, still does not give the verb an object.
In ندا کپڑا دھو رہی ہے, the cloth is the direct object of washing. The progressive verbal form follows the subject Nida.
Compare the perfective ندا نے کپڑا دھویا. Here نے marks the subject, and the masculine unmarked object کپڑا controls دھویا. With feminine چادر, use دھوئی instead.
This is a starting contrast, not a rule that all past sentences need نے. Verb-specific patterns and object marking matter. Learn the full construction rather than adding نے solely because the English translation uses a past tense.
Examples (5)
- بچہ سو رہا ہے۔
The child is sleeping.
Sleeping has no direct object here.
- بچہ کمرے میں سو رہا ہے۔
The child is sleeping in the room.
کمرے میں is a location phrase, not a direct object.
- ندا کپڑا دھو رہی ہے۔
Nida is washing the cloth.
کپڑا is the object; the progressive form is feminine with Nida.
- ندا نے کپڑا دھویا۔
Nida washed the cloth.
In this perfective construction, masculine کپڑا controls دھویا.
- ندا نے چادر دھوئی۔
Nida washed the sheet.
Feminine چادر controls دھوئی in the same construction.
How It Connects
Related Patterns
Learn Next
Patterns that build on this one.
Practice Intransitive and Transitive Verbs in Bubblegum
Poppy, your AI tutor, writes Urdu lessons at your level. Tap any grammar point in a lesson to see its full explanation.
