ми + -емо/-ємо/-имо/-їмо
Present First-person Plural
To say 'we do' something in the present tense (or simple future for perfective verbs) in Ukrainian, you first drop the -ти ending from the infinitive to find the stem, then add -емо, -ємо, -имо, or -їмо. The pronoun ми (we) is often dropped because the ending already tells you who is acting.
How It Works
In Ukrainian, the present tense (and simple future) verb ending changes to match the subject. For the first-person plural ('we') in the present tense, the ending depends on the verb's conjugation class:
- Group 1 (First Conjugation): These verbs use the endings -емо after a consonant (e.g., пишемо) and -ємо after a vowel, an apostrophe, or a soft consonant (e.g., читаємо, п'ємо, ллємо). If a Group 1 verb has a consonant mutation, it keeps this mutation throughout the conjugation, including the 'we' form (e.g., писати -> я пишу, ми пишемо).
- Group 2 (Second Conjugation): These verbs use the endings -имо after a consonant (e.g., робимо) and -їмо after a vowel (e.g., стоїмо). Unlike Group 1, if the 'I' form has a consonant mutation, the 'we' form usually drops it and uses the regular stem consonant (e.g., ходити -> я ходжу, but ми ходимо). A notable exception is бігти (to run), which keeps its mutation (я біжу, ми біжимо).
- Athematic Verbs: A small group of very common verbs use the ending -мо directly, such as їмо (we eat) and дамо (we will give). This also applies to all of their prefixed forms (e.g., з'їмо, продамо, відповімо).
Reflexive Verbs: For verbs with the reflexive particle, it is added after the 'we' ending. Both -ся and -сь are correct, but -сь is extremely common after the vowel in the -мо ending to make pronunciation flow better (e.g., ми сміємось or ми сміємося - 'we laugh', ми дивимось or ми дивимося - 'we watch').
The Verb 'to be': The most common verb, бути (to be), is a major exception. In the present tense, it is usually omitted entirely (zero copula), so you just say 'We [are]...' (e.g., Ми вдома - 'We are at home').
Note that in many verbs across both groups, the stress shifts from the ending in the 'I' form to the stem in the 'we' form (e.g., я пишу -> ми пишемо; я роблю -> ми робимо).
Because these endings are unique to 'we', you don't always need to say the pronoun ми. This is known as pro-drop.
Note on Future Tense: If you use these same endings with a perfective verb, the meaning changes from present to simple future (e.g., ми зробимо - 'we will do'). For imperfective verbs, you can form the future tense either by using the auxiliary verb (ми будемо + infinitive, e.g., ми будемо читати) or the synthetic future (infinitive + -мемо, e.g., ми читатимемо).
Note on 'Let's...': Do not confuse these present tense endings with the first-person plural imperative ('Let's...'). The imperative uses a different set of endings (-імо, -ймо, or -мо), for example, ходімо! ('Let's go!').
Examples (6)
- Ми читаємо книгу.
We are reading a book.
Word by Word: We read [a] book.
The verb 'читати' (to read) is Group 1. Since the stem ends in a vowel (а), we add -ємо.
- Ми живемо в Україні.
We live in Ukraine.
Word by Word: We live in Ukraine.
The verb 'жити' (to live) is Group 1. The ending -емо is added to the stem 'жив-'.
- Ми говоримо про це.
We are talking about this.
Word by Word: We talk about this.
The verb 'говорити' (to speak/talk) is Group 2. We add -имо to the stem 'говор-'.
- Ми стоїмо тут.
We are standing here.
Word by Word: We stand here.
The verb 'стояти' (to stand) is Group 2. Since the stem ends in a vowel, we use -їмо.
- Ми дивимося фільм.
We are watching a movie.
Word by Word: We watch [a] movie.
For reflexive verbs, the particle -ся is added after the regular 'we' ending (дивимо + ся).
- Ми зараз вдома.
We are at home now.
Word by Word: We now at home.
The verb 'бути' (to be) is omitted in the present tense, so we just use the pronoun and the location.
Common Mistakes
Using the wrong theme vowel (e.g., using -имо for a Group 1 verb).
Ми читаимо.Ми читаємо.Verbs ending in -ати like 'читати' almost always belong to Group 1 and require the -ємо ending, not -имо.
Adding an extra 'is/are' (є) before the verb.
Ми є пишемо.Ми пишемо.Unlike English, Ukrainian does not use a helping verb like 'are' for the present continuous. The ending -емо already covers 'we are writing'.
How It Connects
Learn This First
To understand the first-person plural conjugation, you first need to know the corresponding personal pronoun 'ми' and be comfortable with the Cyrillic alphabet to recognize the specific vowel-based endings.
Related Patterns
- Verb endings without subject pronouns
Explains why you can often omit 'ми' and just use the verb ending (pro-drop).
Level 1 - Present tense of regular -ати verbs
Many verbs using the -ємо ending belong to this common category of -ати verbs.
Level 1 - я + -у/-юPresent First-person Singular
The first-person singular ('I') equivalent of this conjugation pattern.
Level 1 - ви + -ете/-єте/-ите/-їтеPresent Second-person Plural
The second-person plural ('you all') equivalent, which follows similar conjugation rules.
Level 1 - Perfective Simple Future
Explains how these same endings create the simple future tense when used with perfective verbs.
Level 3