بـ + Present Stem: Command
Simple Positive Commands
بخوان tells one person to read. بخوانید addresses a group or one person respectfully. Some common verbs and compounds use different forms.
How It Works
| Familiar singular | Plural or respectful | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| بخوان | بخوانید | read |
| برو | بروید | go |
| بنشین | بنشینید | sit down |
| بیا | بیایید | come |
The familiar singular command differs from a second-singular subjunctive. برو is “go,” while بروی includes a person ending in a dependent clause. Do not add ـی to every command.
Some common forms are exceptional. بودن uses باش, and ordinary compounds with کردن often allow an unprefixed command: در را باز کن. Learn the full predicate and do not require بـ before every command.
لطفاً makes a request explicitly polite, but the person form and relationship still matter. لطفاً بنشینید can respectfully address one listener.
The prefix’s pronunciation and a vowel-initial stem can affect the full form, as in بیا. Use stored attested readings rather than guessing the unwritten vowel from the letters alone.
Examples (4)
- کتاب را بخوان.
Read the book.
A familiar singular command has no added ـی.
- لطفاً بنشینید.
Please sit down.
The plural-shaped ending suits respectful singular or a group.
- بیا اینجا.
Come here.
بیا is the attested command of آمدن.
- در را باز کن.
Open the door.
The compound باز کردن commonly uses کن without بـ.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Use a known imperative and choose familiar singular or plural-shaped respectful address; common exceptions and compounds must be learned.
Related Patterns
Learn Next
Patterns that build on this one.
Practice بـ + Present Stem: Command in Bubblegum
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