Present of -ir Verbs With -iss-

Level 2

Most -ir verbs add -iss- between the stem and the ending in the present.

How It Works

Most verbs in -ir put -iss- between the stem and the endings. The third person singular is the exception: it ends in -ís, and the accent shows the stress.

Whofinirdormir
ieufinissidormissi
tufinissesdormisses
el, elafinísdormís
nosautresfinissèmdormissèm
vosautresfinissètzdormissètz
eles, elasfinissondormisson

Almost every -ir verb follows this pattern: partir (partissi), sortir (sortissi), legir (legissi), obrir (obrissi), ausir (ausissi). If you know French, notice that dormir and partir also take -iss- in Occitan. A few writers use forms without it, such as dòrmes, but the Vèrbòc teaches dormissi, and so does this course.

Only a few verbs skip -iss-, such as sentir and venir. They have their own entry.

Examples (5)

  1. Finissi lo trabalh.

    I finish the work.

    Finissi: -iss- plus -i.

  2. Dormissèm plan.

    We sleep well.

    Dormissèm: dormir takes -iss- too.

  3. Maria legís un libre.

    Maria reads a book.

    Legís: the third person ends in -ís.

  4. Partissi deman.

    I leave tomorrow.

    Partissi: partir also takes -iss-.

  5. Los dròlles sortisson de l'escòla.

    The children come out of school.

    Sortisson: the plural ending -isson.

Common Mistakes

  • Leaving out -iss-

    Fini lo trabalh.
    Finissi lo trabalh.

    Finir takes -iss- in the present: finissi.

  • Leaving out the accent

    Maria finis lo trabalh.
    Maria finís lo trabalh.

    The third person singular ends in -ís, with an accent.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

Present of -ir Verbs With -iss-Level 2

Learn This First

The -ir present with -iss- is a second set of endings beside the -ar present, so the -ar present comes first.

Learn Next

Patterns that build on this one.