गेल छथि

Has Gone: The Perfect of Moving Verbs

Level 3Sounds Like gēla chathi

The -ल form of a moving verb plus "to be" says what someone has done.

How It Works

Moving verbs make the perfect with the -ल form plus छी, छह, छथि or अछि. The -ल form does not change for the subject. Only the "to be" word changes.

Use it for going, coming, arriving, sitting, sleeping and becoming. These verbs do not take -ने, so पहुँचल and आएल never become पहुँचने or अएने.

Maithili does not mark gender here. Compare Hindi "गए हैं" and "गई हैं": Maithili uses one form, गेल छथि, for both.

Negative: put नहि before the verb. ओ दिल्ली नहि गेल छथि means "She has not gone to Delhi." Questions use the same order with a rising voice.

ओ दिल्ली गेल छथि।
She has gone to Delhi.
गेल छथि: a respected person, moving verb.
हम पटना सँ आएल छी।
I have come from Patna.
आएल छी: the speaker, so छी.
बच्चा सभ स्कूल गेल अछि।
The children have gone to school.
गेल अछि: plain subjects take अछि.
अहाँ कखन पहुँचल छी?
When did you arrive?
पहुँचल छी: the -ल form with छी for अहाँ.
दादी आँगन मे बैसल छथि।
Grandmother is sitting in the courtyard.
बैसल छथि: the same pattern shows a respected person's state.

Using the Hindi "is" word instead of the Maithili one.
ओ दिल्ली गेल हैं।
ओ दिल्ली गेल छथि।
है and हैं are Hindi. Maithili writes छथि for a respected person and अछि for a plain one.
Using -ने with a verb that moves.
ओ दिल्ली गेने छथि।
ओ दिल्ली गेल छथि।
-ने goes with verbs that take an object, like देखब. Verbs of going and coming take -ल.

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

गेल छथिLevel 3Has Gone: The Perfect of Moving Verbs

The perfect of moving verbs joins their -ल form to a form of to be.

गेलछीछहछथिअछि

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